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GCSE · Christianity

RS.CP1 Forms of Worship and Their Significance

AQA 8062 · Calculators not allowed · about 55 minutes

Total Marks

Name: _______________________________ Date: ____ / ____ / ______

Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.

This question checks key vocabulary used in Christian teaching about worship.

(a)State what is meant by worship.(1)

(b)State what is meant by liturgical worship.(1)

(c)State what is meant by non-liturgical worship.(1)

(d)State what is meant by private worship.(1)

(e)Give one example of a British Christian denomination in which informal, non-liturgical worship is common.(1)

(Total for Question 1 is 5 marks)

Give three features of liturgical worship.

(Total for Question 2 is 3 marks)

Explain two reasons why some Christians prefer non-liturgical worship. Refer to Christian belief and teaching in your answer.

(Total for Question 3 is 4 marks)

Explain two contrasting Christian beliefs about the importance of private worship compared with public worship. Refer to a source of wisdom and authority in your answer.

(Total for Question 4 is 5 marks)

This question is about Christian worship and its significance today. It is the AQA-style 24-mark, five-part question: parts (a) to (d) are worth 12 marks; part (e) is the 12-mark evaluation.

(a)State what is meant by public worship.(1)

(b)Give two examples of liturgical actions or symbols used in Christian public worship.(2)

(c)Explain two ways non-liturgical worship can be significant for Christians today. Refer to scripture in your answer.(4)

(d)Explain two contrasting Christian views on whether liturgical or non-liturgical worship is more significant today. Refer to a source of wisdom and authority in your answer.(5)

(e)Evaluate this statement: 'Christians today do not need to attend church to worship God properly.' In your answer you should: refer to Christian teaching, refer to different points of view, reach a justified conclusion.(12)

(Total for Question 5 is 24 marks)

Explain two ways a belief in the importance of worship might affect the daily life of a Christian believer today.

(Total for Question 6 is 4 marks)

Give three examples of things a Christian might do as an act of private worship.

(Total for Question 7 is 3 marks)

Mark scheme · RS.CP1 Forms of Worship and Their Significance

Question 1

(a) B1 the feelings of adoration or awe shown to God, e.g. through prayer or singing hymns, oe
(a) Answer: The feelings of adoration or awe shown to God, e.g. through prayer or singing hymns.
(b) B1 worship that follows a set, structured order of service, often set out in a book, oe
(b) Answer: Worship that follows a set, structured order of service.
(c) B1 worship that does not follow a fixed structure, allowing more spontaneity, oe
(c) Answer: Worship that does not follow a fixed structure, allowing more spontaneity.
(d) B1 worship a person carries out alone, e.g. personal prayer or Bible reading, oe
(d) Answer: Worship a person carries out alone, e.g. personal prayer or Bible reading.
(e) B1 e.g. Baptist / Pentecostal / Quaker (the Religious Society of Friends), oe
(e) Answer: E.g. Baptist (or Pentecostal, or Quaker).

Question 2

B1 it follows a fixed, written order of service, oe
B1 it often includes set responses said by the congregation, oe
B1 it can include set prayers, e.g. from the Book of Common Prayer, oe
Answer: Any three: fixed, written order of service; set responses said by the congregation; set prayers, e.g. from the Book of Common Prayer.

Question 3

B1 point 1: some Christians believe worship should be led by the Holy Spirit rather than by fixed forms, allowing spontaneous prayer and praise, oe
B1 development: this reflects 2 Corinthians 3:17, 'where the Spirit of the Lord is, there is freedom', understood by some as support for freer worship, oe
B1 point 2: informal worship can feel more personal and relevant to everyday life, making it easier for some believers to engage, oe
B1 development: contemporary music and informal language are often used to appeal to a wide range of worshippers, including young people, oe
Answer: E.g. worship led freely by the Holy Spirit (2 Corinthians 3:17); informal worship feeling more personal and accessible.

Question 4

B1 belief 1: some Christians emphasise private worship, believing a personal relationship with God is nurtured through individual prayer and reflection, oe
B1 development: this follows Jesus's own example, who 'often withdrew to lonely places and prayed' (Luke 5:16), oe
B1 belief 2: other Christians emphasise public, corporate worship, believing Christians are called to worship together as a community, oe
B1 development: based on Hebrews 10:25, which instructs Christians against 'giving up meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing', oe
B1 reference to a source of wisdom and authority made accurately, oe
Answer: Contrast: private worship valued as personal (Luke 5:16) vs public/corporate worship valued as commanded (Hebrews 10:25).

Question 5

(a) B1 worship that takes place with others, e.g. as a church congregation, oe
(a) Answer: Worship that takes place with others, e.g. as a church congregation.
(b) B1 lighting candles, oe
(b) B1 making the sign of the cross (or kneeling, or using incense), oe
(b) Answer: E.g. lighting candles, and making the sign of the cross.
(c) B1 point 1: it allows worshippers to respond freely and spontaneously to God, which some believe is guided by the Holy Spirit, oe
(c) B1 development: based on John 4:24, 'God is spirit and his worshippers must worship in the Spirit and in truth', understood by some as support for worship not bound by fixed ritual, oe
(c) B1 point 2: contemporary, informal styles of worship can help worship feel relevant and accessible, encouraging engagement, oe
(c) B1 development: growth in many British non-liturgical/Pentecostal congregations is cited by some Christians as evidence of its ongoing significance today, oe
(c) Answer: E.g. free response guided by the Spirit (John 4:24); contemporary, accessible styles of worship encouraging engagement.
(d) B1 belief 1: some Christians believe liturgical worship remains important because it connects believers to the historic tradition of the Church and ensures consistent, reverent worship, oe
(d) B1 development: based on 1 Corinthians 14:40, 'everything should be done in a fitting and orderly way', used to support structured worship, oe
(d) B1 belief 2: other Christians believe fixed liturgy can become an empty ritual and that worship is more significant when led freely by the Holy Spirit, oe
(d) B1 development: based on 2 Corinthians 3:6, 'the letter kills, but the Spirit gives life', understood by some as a caution against over-reliance on set forms, oe
(d) B1 reference to a source of wisdom and authority made accurately, oe
(d) Answer: Contrast: liturgy valued for order and tradition (1 Corinthians 14:40) vs Spirit-led worship valued over fixed forms (2 Corinthians 3:6).
(e) L4 (10-12): A well-argued, balanced answer that considers more than one point of view in a developed way, using accurate and detailed references to Christian teaching and/or scripture to support each point, and reaches a clear, justified conclusion.
(e) L3 (7-9): A clear and reasoned answer that considers more than one point of view, supported by relevant references to Christian teaching and/or scripture, though the justification of the conclusion may be less developed.
(e) L2 (4-6): A reasoned answer that considers at least one point of view, with some relevant supporting evidence, but with limited or no consideration of an alternative view.
(e) L1 (1-3): One or more relevant points are made, but with little or no supporting evidence and no reasoned conclusion.
(e) L0 (0): No relevant content.
(e) Indicative content:
- Agree: worship can be private and personal, following Jesus's own example of withdrawing alone to pray (Luke 5:16).
- Agree: Jesus told the Samaritan woman that true worshippers 'must worship in the Spirit and in truth', not tied to one place (John 4:21-24), suggesting worship is not confined to church attendance.
- Agree: modern Christians can pray, read the Bible and engage in acts of service anywhere, so church attendance is not the only expression of worship.
- Agree: some churches now offer online or broadcast services, allowing a form of participation in worship without physically attending.
- Disagree: Hebrews 10:25 explicitly instructs believers not to give up 'meeting together, as some are in the habit of doing'.
- Disagree: corporate worship provides fellowship, mutual encouragement and accountability that private worship alone cannot offer.
- Disagree: the sacraments, such as the Eucharist, are received corporately in most Christian traditions and require gathering as a church community.
- Disagree: Jesus promised his presence 'where two or three gather in my name' (Matthew 18:20), suggesting worshipping together carries a distinct significance.
- A balanced answer might conclude that private worship is valuable and necessary, but that neglecting church attendance altogether goes against biblical teaching and loses the benefits of corporate worship.

Question 6

B1 point 1: they might attend church regularly, e.g. every Sunday, to take part in both public and private worship, oe
B1 development: this can strengthen their faith and sense of belonging within a church community, oe
B1 point 2: they might set aside time for private prayer or Bible reading as part of daily life, oe
B1 development: this helps a Christian maintain a personal relationship with God even outside of formal services, oe
Answer: E.g. regular church attendance strengthening faith and belonging; daily private prayer/Bible reading maintaining a personal relationship with God.

Question 7

B1 praying alone, oe
B1 reading the Bible/personal Bible study, oe
B1 private meditation or reflection on scripture (or singing hymns alone), oe
Answer: Any three: praying alone; reading the Bible; private meditation/reflection on scripture.

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