Foundation Tier - Year 10

AQA-Style Year 10 Foundation Paper 1

An AQA-style Year 10 Foundation Paper 1: 80 marks, 90 minutes, non-calculator, matching AQA 8300's published paper format. Covers the same nine Year 10 topics as the board-agnostic set: number and calculation, fractions, decimals and percentages, ratio and proportion, indices and standard form, linear algebra, graphs and coordinates, sequences, angles and geometrical reasoning, and area, volume and measures.

35 questions - 80 marks

Year 10 here means a typical teaching order, not a syllabus rule. No exam board defines what belongs to Year 10, and schools sequence the course differently. Check it against your own scheme of work before using it to decide what a class has covered.

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Questions

Question 1 [1 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

Write the number 45000 in standard form.

Question 2 [2 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

Lines l and m are parallel and are crossed by a straight transversal. Angle y is in the corresponding position to the 118 degree angle marked above line l.

Question 3 [3 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

Complete the table of values for y = x^3 - 1. x : -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 y : -9 , _ , _ , _ , 7

Question 4 [4 marks]

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

(Non-calculator)

Work out 10% of 340.

Work out 25% of 60.

Work out 30% of 150.

Question 5 [1 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

The ratio of concrete to sand in a mixture is 3:11. Write the amount of sand as a fraction of the total amount of mixture.

Question 6 [1 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

Two similar triangles have corresponding sides 6 cm and 9 cm. What is the scale factor from the triangle with side 6 cm to the triangle with side 9 cm? Give your answer as a fraction.

Question 7 [1 marks]

Linear Algebra

Make h the subject of the formula V = l × w × h.

Question 8 [1 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

A recipe uses 3 cups of flour to make 12 biscuits. Work out how many cups of flour are needed to make 4 biscuits.

Question 9 [1 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve the equation 3x = 15. Show your working.

Find x.

Question 10 [1 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Write the ratio of blue tiles to yellow tiles in simplest form. There are 9 blue tiles and 6 yellow tiles.

Question 11 [1 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

Four students each write the number 84000 in standard form. Amir writes 8.4 x 10^4 Ben writes 84 x 10^3 Chloe writes 0.84 x 10^5 Dev writes 8.4 x 10^3 Exactly one student has written the number correctly in standard form. Write down the name of that student.

Question 12 [1 marks]

Linear Algebra

a = 6. Work out the value of a^2.

Question 13 [1 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

Write 7.2 x 10^-4 as an ordinary number.

Question 14 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve 4 - x < 9 Show your working.

Question 15 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

Find the HCF of 24 and 36.

Question 16 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve 7 - x = 2x + 1 Show your working.

Question 17 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

Show that 41472 is divisible by 8.

Question 18 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Make x the subject of the formula: y = 5x + 4

Question 19 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

Calculate 56 x 34.

Question 20 [2 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

The exterior angle of a regular polygon is 9 degrees. Work out the number of sides of the polygon.

Question 21 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve (x - 9) / 5 = 4 Show your working.

Question 22 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

Write 180 as a product of prime factors.

Question 23 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Expand and simplify (x - 5)(x + 9)

Question 24 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

The Year 7 class has football training every 5 days and the Year 8 class every 7 days. If both classes have training on Monday, after how many days will they next have training on the same day?

Question 25 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Make x the subject of the formula: y = 6x - 13

Question 26 [2 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Priya and Noah share 35 stickers in the ratio 3:4. How many stickers does Priya receive?

Question 27 [3 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

Complete the table of values for y = x^3 - 4. x : -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 y : _ , -5 , _ , -3 , 4

Question 28 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve 7x - 4 = 3x + 20

Question 29 [5 marks]

Sequences

Here are the first four terms of a geometric sequence. 5, 15, 45, 135

Find the common ratio of the sequence.

Find the 6th term of the sequence.

Explain whether 3000 is a term of the sequence.

Question 30 [3 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Ravi has £3.60 and his sister has 90p. Write the ratio of Ravi's money to his sister's money in its simplest form.

Question 31 [4 marks]

Sequences

Special sequences of numbers include square numbers and triangular numbers.

Write down the first five square numbers.

Write down the first five triangular numbers.

The nth triangular number is given by the formula n(n + 1) / 2. Use this formula to find the 12th triangular number.

Question 32 [4 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

A model is built from 1 cm cubes. The plan is a 2 by 3 rectangle. The front elevation shows heights 2 and 1 across the width: left column height 2 cm, right column height 1 cm, for each of the 3 positions along the length. Work out the total number of 1 cm cubes used in the model.

Question 33 [3 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

Priya walks from home to the bus stop, waits for the bus, then travels quickly by bus to college. Sketch a distance-time graph to show Priya's journey. Label your axes Time and Distance from home.

Question 34 [5 marks]

Sequences

A sequence of patterns is built from matchsticks. Pattern 1 is a single triangle. Each new pattern joins one more triangle onto the end of a strip, sharing one edge with the triangle before it. Pattern 1 (one triangle) uses 3 matchsticks. Pattern 2 (two triangles) uses 5 matchsticks. Pattern 3 (three triangles) uses 7 matchsticks.

Write down the number of matchsticks needed for Pattern 4.

Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of matchsticks in Pattern n.

Zainab claims that Pattern 20 uses exactly 39 matchsticks. Show that Zainab is wrong, and find the correct number of matchsticks in Pattern 20.

Question 35 [6 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

y = x^3 - 9x

Show that y = x^3 - 9x can be written as y = x(x - 3)(x + 3).

Hence write down the coordinates of the three points where the graph of y = x^3 - 9x crosses the x-axis.

Write down the coordinates of the point where the graph crosses the y-axis.

Model solutions

Mark scheme for Question 1 [1 mark]
Question 1[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
4.5 x 10^4B1oe
Mark scheme for Question 2 [2 marks]
Question 2[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
y = 118B1cao
correct reason: corresponding angles are equal (l parallel to m)B1
Final answer: y = 118 degrees
Mark scheme for Question 3 [3 marks]
Question 3[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
y = -2 at x = -1B1
y = -1 at x = 0B1
y = 0 at x = 1B1
Final answer: x = -1: y = -2; x = 0: y = -1; x = 1: y = 0
Mark scheme for Question 4 [4 marks]
Question 4[4 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
34B1
15B1
10% of 150 = 15 seen, or 0.3 x 150 (oe method)M1
45A1
Final answer: 34 | 15 | 45
Mark scheme for Question 5 [1 mark]
Question 5[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
11/14B1oe
Mark scheme for Question 6 [1 mark]
Question 6[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
scale factor 9/6 = 3/2B1cao
Final answer: 3/2.
Mark scheme for Question 7 [1 mark]
Question 7[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
h = V/(l × w)B1cao
Mark scheme for Question 8 [1 mark]
Question 8[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
1 cupB1cao
Final answer: 1 cup of flour (cao). (3 cups for 12 biscuits means 0.25 cups per biscuit; for 4 biscuits 0.25 x 4 = 1.)
Mark scheme for Question 9 [1 mark]
Question 9[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
x = 5B1cao
Final answer: 5
Mark scheme for Question 10 [1 mark]
Question 10[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
3:2B1cao
Mark scheme for Question 11 [1 mark]
Question 11[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
AmirB1
Final answer: Amir (8.4 x 10^4 is correctly in standard form, since 1 <= 8.4 < 10, and 8.4 x 10^4 = 84000)
Mark scheme for Question 12 [1 mark]
Question 12[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
36B1cao
Mark scheme for Question 13 [1 mark]
Question 13[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
0.00072B1cao
Mark scheme for Question 14 [2 marks]
Question 14[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
4 < 9 + x oe, or -x < 5 oe (correct rearrangement)M1
x > -5A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 15 [2 marks]
Question 15[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
24 = 2^3 x 3 and 36 = 2^2 x 3^2, or an equivalent listing/comparison of factorsM1
12A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 16 [2 marks]
Question 16[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
7 = 3x + 1 or 6 = 3x oe (collect x terms onto one side)M1
x = 2A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 17 [2 marks]
Question 17[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
Uses the divisibility test for 8: a number is divisible by 8 if its last three digits are divisible by 8, and identifies the last three digits as 472M1
472 = 8 x 59, so 41472 is divisible by 8A1cso
Final answer: 41472 is divisible by 8, since its last three digits (472) equal 8 x 59.
Mark scheme for Question 18 [2 marks]
Question 18[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
subtracts 4 from both sides, e.g. y - 4 = 5xM1
x = (y - 4)/5 oeA1cao
Final answer: x = (y - 4)/5
Mark scheme for Question 19 [2 marks]
Question 19[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
correct method shown, e.g. 56 x 30 and 56 x 4, or column method with at least one correct partial productM1
1904A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 20 [2 marks]
Question 20[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
360 / 9 soiM1
40 (sides)A1cao
Final answer: 40 sides
Mark scheme for Question 21 [2 marks]
Question 21[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
x - 9 = 20M1oe
x = 29A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 22 [2 marks]
Question 22[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
Correct factor tree or prime factor method shown (e.g. 180 ÷ 2 = 90, etc.)M1
180 = 2^2 * 3^2 * 5A1cao
Final answer: 2^2 * 3^2 * 5
Mark scheme for Question 23 [2 marks]
Question 23[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
x^2 + 9x - 5x - 45, or at least 3 of the 4 terms correctM1oe
x^2 + 4x - 45A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 24 [2 marks]
Question 24[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
Find LCM of 5 and 7 (method shown)M1
35 daysA1cao
Mark scheme for Question 25 [2 marks]
Question 25[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
adds 13 to both sides, e.g. y + 13 = 6xM1
x = (y + 13)/6 oeA1cao
Final answer: x = (y + 13)/6
Mark scheme for Question 26 [2 marks]
Question 26[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
find one part: 35/7 = 5 or equivalentM1
15A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 27 [3 marks]
Question 27[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
y = -12 at x = -2B1
y = -4 at x = 0B1
y = 4 at x = 2B1
Final answer: x = -2: y = -12; x = 0: y = -4; x = 2: y = 4
Mark scheme for Question 28 [2 marks]
Question 28[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
correct collection of terms, 4x = 24M1oe
x = 6A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 29 [5 marks]
Question 29[5 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
3B1cao
5 x 3^5 oe, or lists terms up to the 6thM1
1215A1cao
identifies the two terms either side of 3000 (1215 and 3645), or sets up 5 x 3^(n-1) = 3000M1oe
correct conclusion: no, 3000 is not a term, e.g. it lies strictly between 1215 and 3645A1oe
Final answer: 3 | 1215 | No, 3000 is not a term of the sequence
Mark scheme for Question 30 [3 marks]
Question 30[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
convert £3.60 to 360pM1oe
form the ratio 360:90 and begin to simplifyM1
4:1A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 31 [4 marks]
Question 31[4 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
1, 4, 9, 16, 25 all correctB1oe
1, 3, 6, 10, 15 all correctB1oe
12 x 13 / 2M1oe
78A1cao
Final answer: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 | 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 | 78
Mark scheme for Question 32 [4 marks]
Question 32[4 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
identify number of stacks from plan 2 x 3 and per-stack heights (for each of 3 positions heights sum 2 + 1 = 3)M1
calculate per-position total 3, show multiplication by 3 positionsM1
compute 3 x 3 = 9M1
9A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 33 [3 marks]
Question 33[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
straight line with positive gradient from the origin (walking)B1
horizontal section following the first line (waiting for the bus)B1
straight line with a steeper positive gradient than the first section, following the horizontal section (bus, faster than walking)B1
Final answer: Line rises from the origin (walking to the bus stop), then a horizontal section (waiting), then a steeper rising line (travelling by bus, faster than walking).
Mark scheme for Question 34 [5 marks]
Question 34[5 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
9B1cao
common difference of 2 used correctly, e.g. 2n + cM1oe
2n + 1 oeA1cao
substitutes n = 20 into their expression from part (b), e.g. 2(20) + 1M1
41 (not 39), so Zainab is wrong ftA1cao
Final answer: 9 | 2n + 1 | 41 matchsticks (Zainab is wrong)
Mark scheme for Question 35 [6 marks]
Question 35[6 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
takes out a factor of x to give x(x^2 - 9)M1
correctly factorises the difference of two squares to give x(x-3)(x+3)A1cso
(-3, 0)B1
(0, 0)B1
(3, 0)B1
(0, 0)B1cao
Final answer: y = x(x - 3)(x + 3) | (-3, 0), (0, 0), (3, 0) | (0, 0)