AQA-Style Year 10 Foundation Paper 1
An AQA-style Year 10 Foundation Paper 1: 80 marks, 90 minutes, non-calculator, matching AQA 8300's published paper format. Covers the same nine Year 10 topics as the board-agnostic set: number and calculation, fractions, decimals and percentages, ratio and proportion, indices and standard form, linear algebra, graphs and coordinates, sequences, angles and geometrical reasoning, and area, volume and measures.
Year 10 here means a typical teaching order, not a syllabus rule. No exam board defines what belongs to Year 10, and schools sequence the course differently. Check it against your own scheme of work before using it to decide what a class has covered.
Questions
Question 1 [1 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
Write the number 45000 in standard form.
Question 2 [2 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
Lines l and m are parallel and are crossed by a straight transversal. Angle y is in the corresponding position to the 118 degree angle marked above line l.
Question 3 [3 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
Complete the table of values for y = x^3 - 1. x : -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 y : -9 , _ , _ , _ , 7
Question 4 [4 marks]
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages
(Non-calculator)
Work out 10% of 340.
Work out 25% of 60.
Work out 30% of 150.
Question 5 [1 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
The ratio of concrete to sand in a mixture is 3:11. Write the amount of sand as a fraction of the total amount of mixture.
Question 6 [1 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
Two similar triangles have corresponding sides 6 cm and 9 cm. What is the scale factor from the triangle with side 6 cm to the triangle with side 9 cm? Give your answer as a fraction.
Question 7 [1 marks]
Linear Algebra
Make h the subject of the formula V = l × w × h.
Question 8 [1 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
A recipe uses 3 cups of flour to make 12 biscuits. Work out how many cups of flour are needed to make 4 biscuits.
Question 9 [1 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve the equation 3x = 15. Show your working.
Find x.
Question 10 [1 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Write the ratio of blue tiles to yellow tiles in simplest form. There are 9 blue tiles and 6 yellow tiles.
Question 11 [1 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
Four students each write the number 84000 in standard form. Amir writes 8.4 x 10^4 Ben writes 84 x 10^3 Chloe writes 0.84 x 10^5 Dev writes 8.4 x 10^3 Exactly one student has written the number correctly in standard form. Write down the name of that student.
Question 12 [1 marks]
Linear Algebra
a = 6. Work out the value of a^2.
Question 13 [1 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
Write 7.2 x 10^-4 as an ordinary number.
Question 14 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve 4 - x < 9 Show your working.
Question 15 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
Find the HCF of 24 and 36.
Question 16 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve 7 - x = 2x + 1 Show your working.
Question 17 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
Show that 41472 is divisible by 8.
Question 18 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Make x the subject of the formula: y = 5x + 4
Question 19 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
Calculate 56 x 34.
Question 20 [2 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
The exterior angle of a regular polygon is 9 degrees. Work out the number of sides of the polygon.
Question 21 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve (x - 9) / 5 = 4 Show your working.
Question 22 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
Write 180 as a product of prime factors.
Question 23 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Expand and simplify (x - 5)(x + 9)
Question 24 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
The Year 7 class has football training every 5 days and the Year 8 class every 7 days. If both classes have training on Monday, after how many days will they next have training on the same day?
Question 25 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Make x the subject of the formula: y = 6x - 13
Question 26 [2 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Priya and Noah share 35 stickers in the ratio 3:4. How many stickers does Priya receive?
Question 27 [3 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
Complete the table of values for y = x^3 - 4. x : -2 , -1 , 0 , 1 , 2 y : _ , -5 , _ , -3 , 4
Question 28 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve 7x - 4 = 3x + 20
Question 29 [5 marks]
Sequences
Here are the first four terms of a geometric sequence. 5, 15, 45, 135
Find the common ratio of the sequence.
Find the 6th term of the sequence.
Explain whether 3000 is a term of the sequence.
Question 30 [3 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Ravi has £3.60 and his sister has 90p. Write the ratio of Ravi's money to his sister's money in its simplest form.
Question 31 [4 marks]
Sequences
Special sequences of numbers include square numbers and triangular numbers.
Write down the first five square numbers.
Write down the first five triangular numbers.
The nth triangular number is given by the formula n(n + 1) / 2. Use this formula to find the 12th triangular number.
Question 32 [4 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
A model is built from 1 cm cubes. The plan is a 2 by 3 rectangle. The front elevation shows heights 2 and 1 across the width: left column height 2 cm, right column height 1 cm, for each of the 3 positions along the length. Work out the total number of 1 cm cubes used in the model.
Question 33 [3 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
Priya walks from home to the bus stop, waits for the bus, then travels quickly by bus to college. Sketch a distance-time graph to show Priya's journey. Label your axes Time and Distance from home.
Question 34 [5 marks]
Sequences
A sequence of patterns is built from matchsticks. Pattern 1 is a single triangle. Each new pattern joins one more triangle onto the end of a strip, sharing one edge with the triangle before it. Pattern 1 (one triangle) uses 3 matchsticks. Pattern 2 (two triangles) uses 5 matchsticks. Pattern 3 (three triangles) uses 7 matchsticks.
Write down the number of matchsticks needed for Pattern 4.
Find an expression, in terms of n, for the number of matchsticks in Pattern n.
Zainab claims that Pattern 20 uses exactly 39 matchsticks. Show that Zainab is wrong, and find the correct number of matchsticks in Pattern 20.
Question 35 [6 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
y = x^3 - 9x
Show that y = x^3 - 9x can be written as y = x(x - 3)(x + 3).
Hence write down the coordinates of the three points where the graph of y = x^3 - 9x crosses the x-axis.
Write down the coordinates of the point where the graph crosses the y-axis.
Model solutions
| Question 1[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 4.5 x 10^4 | B1oe |
| Question 2[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| y = 118 | B1cao |
| correct reason: corresponding angles are equal (l parallel to m) | B1 |
| Final answer: y = 118 degrees | |
| Question 3[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| y = -2 at x = -1 | B1 |
| y = -1 at x = 0 | B1 |
| y = 0 at x = 1 | B1 |
| Final answer: x = -1: y = -2; x = 0: y = -1; x = 1: y = 0 | |
| Question 4[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 34 | B1 |
| 15 | B1 |
| 10% of 150 = 15 seen, or 0.3 x 150 (oe method) | M1 |
| 45 | A1 |
| Final answer: 34 | 15 | 45 | |
| Question 5[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 11/14 | B1oe |
| Question 6[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| scale factor 9/6 = 3/2 | B1cao |
| Final answer: 3/2. | |
| Question 7[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| h = V/(l × w) | B1cao |
| Question 8[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 1 cup | B1cao |
| Final answer: 1 cup of flour (cao). (3 cups for 12 biscuits means 0.25 cups per biscuit; for 4 biscuits 0.25 x 4 = 1.) | |
| Question 9[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| x = 5 | B1cao |
| Final answer: 5 | |
| Question 10[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 3:2 | B1cao |
| Question 11[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Amir | B1 |
| Final answer: Amir (8.4 x 10^4 is correctly in standard form, since 1 <= 8.4 < 10, and 8.4 x 10^4 = 84000) | |
| Question 12[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 36 | B1cao |
| Question 13[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 0.00072 | B1cao |
| Question 14[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 4 < 9 + x oe, or -x < 5 oe (correct rearrangement) | M1 |
| x > -5 | A1cao |
| Question 15[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 24 = 2^3 x 3 and 36 = 2^2 x 3^2, or an equivalent listing/comparison of factors | M1 |
| 12 | A1cao |
| Question 16[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 7 = 3x + 1 or 6 = 3x oe (collect x terms onto one side) | M1 |
| x = 2 | A1cao |
| Question 17[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Uses the divisibility test for 8: a number is divisible by 8 if its last three digits are divisible by 8, and identifies the last three digits as 472 | M1 |
| 472 = 8 x 59, so 41472 is divisible by 8 | A1cso |
| Final answer: 41472 is divisible by 8, since its last three digits (472) equal 8 x 59. | |
| Question 18[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| subtracts 4 from both sides, e.g. y - 4 = 5x | M1 |
| x = (y - 4)/5 oe | A1cao |
| Final answer: x = (y - 4)/5 | |
| Question 19[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| correct method shown, e.g. 56 x 30 and 56 x 4, or column method with at least one correct partial product | M1 |
| 1904 | A1cao |
| Question 20[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 360 / 9 soi | M1 |
| 40 (sides) | A1cao |
| Final answer: 40 sides | |
| Question 21[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| x - 9 = 20 | M1oe |
| x = 29 | A1cao |
| Question 22[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Correct factor tree or prime factor method shown (e.g. 180 ÷ 2 = 90, etc.) | M1 |
| 180 = 2^2 * 3^2 * 5 | A1cao |
| Final answer: 2^2 * 3^2 * 5 | |
| Question 23[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| x^2 + 9x - 5x - 45, or at least 3 of the 4 terms correct | M1oe |
| x^2 + 4x - 45 | A1cao |
| Question 24[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Find LCM of 5 and 7 (method shown) | M1 |
| 35 days | A1cao |
| Question 25[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| adds 13 to both sides, e.g. y + 13 = 6x | M1 |
| x = (y + 13)/6 oe | A1cao |
| Final answer: x = (y + 13)/6 | |
| Question 26[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| find one part: 35/7 = 5 or equivalent | M1 |
| 15 | A1cao |
| Question 27[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| y = -12 at x = -2 | B1 |
| y = -4 at x = 0 | B1 |
| y = 4 at x = 2 | B1 |
| Final answer: x = -2: y = -12; x = 0: y = -4; x = 2: y = 4 | |
| Question 28[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| correct collection of terms, 4x = 24 | M1oe |
| x = 6 | A1cao |
| Question 29[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 3 | B1cao |
| 5 x 3^5 oe, or lists terms up to the 6th | M1 |
| 1215 | A1cao |
| identifies the two terms either side of 3000 (1215 and 3645), or sets up 5 x 3^(n-1) = 3000 | M1oe |
| correct conclusion: no, 3000 is not a term, e.g. it lies strictly between 1215 and 3645 | A1oe |
| Final answer: 3 | 1215 | No, 3000 is not a term of the sequence | |
| Question 30[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| convert £3.60 to 360p | M1oe |
| form the ratio 360:90 and begin to simplify | M1 |
| 4:1 | A1cao |
| Question 31[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 all correct | B1oe |
| 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 all correct | B1oe |
| 12 x 13 / 2 | M1oe |
| 78 | A1cao |
| Final answer: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25 | 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 | 78 | |
| Question 32[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| identify number of stacks from plan 2 x 3 and per-stack heights (for each of 3 positions heights sum 2 + 1 = 3) | M1 |
| calculate per-position total 3, show multiplication by 3 positions | M1 |
| compute 3 x 3 = 9 | M1 |
| 9 | A1cao |
| Question 33[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| straight line with positive gradient from the origin (walking) | B1 |
| horizontal section following the first line (waiting for the bus) | B1 |
| straight line with a steeper positive gradient than the first section, following the horizontal section (bus, faster than walking) | B1 |
| Final answer: Line rises from the origin (walking to the bus stop), then a horizontal section (waiting), then a steeper rising line (travelling by bus, faster than walking). | |
| Question 34[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 9 | B1cao |
| common difference of 2 used correctly, e.g. 2n + c | M1oe |
| 2n + 1 oe | A1cao |
| substitutes n = 20 into their expression from part (b), e.g. 2(20) + 1 | M1 |
| 41 (not 39), so Zainab is wrong ft | A1cao |
| Final answer: 9 | 2n + 1 | 41 matchsticks (Zainab is wrong) | |
| Question 35[6 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| takes out a factor of x to give x(x^2 - 9) | M1 |
| correctly factorises the difference of two squares to give x(x-3)(x+3) | A1cso |
| (-3, 0) | B1 |
| (0, 0) | B1 |
| (3, 0) | B1 |
| (0, 0) | B1cao |
| Final answer: y = x(x - 3)(x + 3) | (-3, 0), (0, 0), (3, 0) | (0, 0) | |