Edexcel-Style Year 10 Foundation Paper 3
An Edexcel-style Year 10 Foundation Paper 3: 80 marks, 90 minutes, calculator, matching Edexcel 1MA1's published paper format. Covers the same nine Year 10 topics as the board-agnostic set: number and calculation, fractions, decimals and percentages, ratio and proportion, indices and standard form, linear algebra, graphs and coordinates, sequences, angles and geometrical reasoning, and area, volume and measures.
Year 10 here means a typical teaching order, not a syllabus rule. No exam board defines what belongs to Year 10, and schools sequence the course differently. Check it against your own scheme of work before using it to decide what a class has covered.
Questions
Question 1 [1 marks]
Linear Algebra
Solve x/4 = 6
Question 2 [1 marks]
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages
Which list shows 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 in order from smallest to largest?
Question 3 [2 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
A flight leaves at 11:50 am and lands at 1:35 pm. Work out the duration of the flight.
Question 4 [2 marks]
Fractions, Decimals and Percentages
Work out 7/9 - 4/9. Give your answer in its simplest form.
Question 5 [2 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
The diagrams show two straight lines drawn on grids.
Write down the gradient of the horizontal line shown in diagram (a).
Write down the gradient of the vertical line shown in diagram (b).
Question 6 [2 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
A square rug has an area of 144 cm^2. Work out the length of one side of the rug.
Question 7 [3 marks]
Number and Calculation
Chloe buys three items costing £4.85, £12.99 and £7.20. By rounding each amount to the nearest pound, work out an estimate for the total cost.
Question 8 [3 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Simplify the ratio 40 minutes : 2 hours, giving your answer in its simplest form.
Question 9 [3 marks]
Sequences
Three sequences are shown below. Sequence A: 7, 11, 15, 19 Sequence B: 4, 12, 36, 108 Sequence C: 3, 6, 11, 18
State whether Sequence A is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.
State whether Sequence B is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.
State whether Sequence C is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.
Question 10 [3 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
Triangle E has vertices at (2, 1), (5, 1) and (2, 4). Triangle E is rotated 90 degrees clockwise about the origin O to give triangle E'.
Question 11 [4 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
A rectangular picture frame measures 15 cm by 8 cm on the outside. A rectangular window measuring 6 cm by 3 cm is cut from the middle of the frame to hold the photo. Work out the area of the frame itself (not including the window).
Question 12 [1 marks]
Number and Calculation
Round 47 to 1 significant figure.
Question 13 [1 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
Work out 2^5.
Question 14 [1 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
A circle has radius 7 cm. Work out the circumference of the whole circle. Give your answer to 1 decimal place. Use pi = 3.14159.
Question 15 [1 marks]
Linear Algebra
Which value of x satisfies the equation 3x - 2 = 13 ? A) 3 B) 5 C) 15 D) 11/3
Question 16 [2 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Shampoo is sold in a 250 ml bottle for £3.60 and a 500 ml bottle for £6.40. Which bottle is better value per 100 ml? Show working.
Question 17 [2 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
Freya converts 3.2 kilograms to grams. She writes: 3.2 kg = 32 g. Explain the mistake Freya has made, and write down the correct answer.
Question 18 [2 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
A student reads a distance-time graph and finds a cyclist's speed is 12 km in 30 minutes. Give the cyclist's speed in km/h.
Question 19 [1 marks]
Area, Volume and Measures
Convert 5.2 litres to millilitres.
Question 20 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
A rectangle has length (3x + 2) cm and width (x - 1) cm. Find an expression, in its simplest form, for the perimeter of the rectangle.
Question 21 [2 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
A jogger runs 18 km in 1.5 hours at a constant speed. Work out her average speed, in km/h.
Question 22 [2 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
A scale drawing uses 1 cm = 0.5 m. A real pond is 3.75 m long. Work out the length of the pond on the drawing in centimetres. Give your answer to 1 decimal place.
Question 23 [2 marks]
Number and Calculation
Zara was asked to list all the ways to choose 2 different toppings for a pizza from mushroom (M), pepper (P), onion (O) and olives (L), where the order the toppings are chosen in does not matter. Her working is shown below: MP, MO, ML, PM, PO, PL, OM, OL, OM, LM She has concluded there are 10 different pizzas. Explain what is wrong with Zara's list, and work out the correct number of different pizzas.
Question 24 [3 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
Lines l and m are parallel. Points P and R lie on l, and point Q lies on m, forming triangle PQR, with QP = QR. The angle between the transversal QP and line m, which is alternate to angle QPR, is marked 63 degrees.
Question 25 [2 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
A cyclist travels at a constant speed of 20 m/s. Work out this speed in km/h.
Question 26 [3 marks]
Angles and Geometrical Reasoning
A wall is represented by the straight line segment PQ, 6 cm long, using a scale of 1 cm to 2 m. Draw PQ. A safety zone extends exactly 3 m from every point on the wall, including its two ends. Using the same scale, draw the locus of the boundary of the safety zone.
Question 27 [3 marks]
Number and Calculation
A length is 4.6 m correct to 1 decimal place. A second length is 2.31 m correct to 2 decimal places. Work out the greatest possible value of the sum of the two lengths. Give your answer to 2 decimal places.
Question 28 [3 marks]
Graphs and Coordinates
A cubic graph has the equation y = x^3 + 2.
Write down the coordinates of the y-intercept of the graph.
State whether the value of y increases throughout as x increases, giving a reason.
Describe the single transformation that maps the graph of y = x^3 onto the graph of y = x^3 + 2.
Question 29 [5 marks]
Linear Algebra
Make x the subject of each formula.
y = (x + 2)/3
y = 5/(x - 1)
Question 30 [4 marks]
Ratio and Proportion
Aaliyah needs at least 2 kg of sugar for a school bake sale. A shop sells sugar in bags of 750 g for 90p each, and bags of 1 kg for £1.10 each. She can only buy whole bags.
Question 31 [5 marks]
Linear Algebra
The formula for converting a temperature from Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F) is F = (9/5)C + 32.
Work out F when C = 35.
Use the formula to work out the value of C when F = 68.
Question 32 [5 marks]
Indices and Standard Form
Write 0.00000042 in standard form then give the number of zeros between the decimal point and the first non-zero digit.
Write 0.00000042 in standard form.
State how many zeros appear between the decimal point and the 4 in the original number.
Question 33 [2 marks]
Linear Algebra
Factorise 4x^2 - 9
Model solutions
| Question 1[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| x = 24 | B1cao |
| Question 2[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| B) 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 | B1 |
| Question 3[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 11:50 am to 12:50 pm (= 1 hour) or equivalent partial method | M1 |
| 1 hour 45 minutes | A1cao |
| Question 4[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 3/9 oe (subtracting the numerators, same denominator) | M1 |
| 1/3 cao (simplest form) | A1 |
| Final answer: 1/3 | |
| Question 5[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 0 | B1cao |
| undefined oe (e.g. no gradient, infinite) | B1 |
| Final answer: 0 | Undefined (the line has no defined gradient) | |
| Question 6[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| sqrt(144) seen or correct method to find the side length | M1 |
| 12 cm cao (units required) | A1 |
| Final answer: 12 cm | |
| Question 7[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| rounds each amount correctly to the nearest pound: 5, 13, 7 | M1oe |
| dep adds the three rounded amounts | M1 |
| 25 (pounds) cao, ft from correctly rounded values | A1 |
| Final answer: GBP25 estimate | |
| Question 8[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| convert 2 hours to 120 minutes | M1oe |
| form the ratio 40:120 (or equivalent) and begin to simplify | M1 |
| 1:3 | A1cao |
| Question 9[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| arithmetic, since the terms have a common difference of 4 | B1oe |
| geometric, since the terms have a common ratio of 3 | B1oe |
| neither, since the differences (3, 5, 7) are not constant and the ratios are not constant | B1oe |
| Final answer: Arithmetic (common difference of 4) | Geometric (common ratio of 3) | Neither (it is a quadratic sequence) | |
| Question 10[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| applies the rule (x,y) -> (y,-x) oe to at least one vertex | M1 |
| at least two vertices correct | A1 |
| all three vertices correct: (1,-2), (1,-5), (4,-2) | A1cao |
| Final answer: (1, -2), (1, -5), (4, -2) | |
| Question 11[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| outer area = 15 x 8 (= 120) | M1 |
| window area = 6 x 3 (= 18) | M1 |
| subtracts window from outer area | M1 |
| 102 (cm^2) | A1cao |
| Final answer: 102 cm^2 | |
| Question 12[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 50 | B1cao |
| Final answer: 50 (to 1 s.f.) | |
| Question 13[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 32 | B1cao |
| Final answer: 32 (2^5 = 32). | |
| Question 14[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 43.9823... rounded to 44.0 cm | B1cao |
| Final answer: 44.0 cm | |
| Question 15[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| B | B1cao |
| Final answer: B) x = 5 | |
| Question 16[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Calculate per 100 ml: 250 ml bottle = 360p/250*100 = 144p; 500 ml bottle = 640p/500*100 = 128p | M1 |
| 500 ml bottle is better value, 128p per 100 ml | A1cao |
| Final answer: 500 ml bottle is better value: 128p per 100 ml (250 ml bottle is 144p per 100 ml). | |
| Question 17[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| identifies that Freya multiplied by 10 instead of by 1000 (or divided by 100) | B1oe |
| 3200 g | B1cao |
| Final answer: Freya multiplied by 10 instead of 1000 (oe); the correct answer is 3200 g. | |
| Question 18[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| convert 30 minutes to hours and compute 12 / 0.5 or 12 x 2 | M1 |
| 24 km/h | A1cao |
| Question 19[1 mark] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 5200 ml | B1cao |
| Question 20[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| correct method for perimeter, e.g. (3x + 2) + (x - 1) + (3x + 2) + (x - 1) or 2[(3x + 2) + (x - 1)] | M1 |
| 8x + 2 cao (cm) | A1 |
| Final answer: 8x + 2 (cm) (cao) | |
| Question 21[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 18 / 1.5 | M1oe |
| 12 (km/h) | A1cao |
| Final answer: 12 km/h | |
| Question 22[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| divide actual length by scale: 3.75 m / 0.5 m per cm = 7.5 cm (method) | M1 |
| 7.5 cm | A1cao |
| Final answer: 7.5 cm (3.75 m / 0.5 m per cm = 7.5 cm) | |
| Question 23[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| identify that order does not matter, so a pair and its reverse (e.g. MP and PM, or MO and OM) represent the same pizza and should not both be counted, oe; and/or identify that OM has been written twice (an exact repeat) | C1 |
| 6 | B1cao |
| Final answer: 6 different pizzas (Zara double-counted each pair in reverse order and also repeated OM) | |
| Question 24[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| angle QPR = 63 (alternate angles are equal, l parallel to m) | M1 |
| angle QRP = 63 (base angles of isosceles triangle PQR are equal, since QP = QR) | M1 |
| y = 180 - 63 - 63 = 54 | A1cao |
| Final answer: y = 54 degrees | |
| Question 25[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| 20 x 3.6 oe, e.g. 20 x 3600 / 1000 | M1 |
| 72 (km/h) | A1cao |
| Final answer: 72 km/h | |
| Question 26[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| two straight lines parallel to PQ, each 1.5 cm (3 m) from PQ, one on each side, matching the length of PQ | C1 |
| two semicircular ends of radius 1.5 cm (3 m), centred on P and on Q, joining the parallel lines | C1 |
| complete continuous locus with no gaps, forming a single closed stadium (racetrack) shape | A1 |
| Final answer: A stadium (racetrack) shape: two straight lines 1.5 cm (3 m) either side of PQ, joined by semicircles of radius 1.5 cm (3 m) at each end. | |
| Question 27[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| identify upper bound for 4.6 as 4.65 | M1 |
| identify upper bound for 2.31 as 2.315 and add to get 6.965 | M1 |
| 6.97 cao to 2 dp | A1 |
| Final answer: 6.97 (m) | |
| Question 28[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| (0, 2) | B1cao |
| Yes, because it has the same basic shape as y=x^3, which increases throughout, just shifted up | B1oe |
| translation by vector (0, 2), i.e. 2 units up | B1oe |
| Final answer: (0, 2) | Yes, y increases throughout | Translation 2 units up (vector (0,2)) | |
| Question 29[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| multiplies both sides by 3, e.g. 3y = x + 2 | M1 |
| x = 3y - 2 oe | A1cao |
| multiplies both sides by (x - 1), e.g. y(x - 1) = 5 | M1 |
| expands and isolates the term in x, e.g. yx = 5 + y | M1 |
| x = (5 + y)/y oe, e.g. x = 5/y + 1 | A1cao |
| Final answer: x = 3y - 2 | x = (5 + y)/y | |
| Question 30[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| at least two valid combinations of whole bags totalling at least 2 kg identified, e.g. 3 x 750 g and 2 x 1 kg | P1 |
| 3 x 90 (= 2.70) oe and 2 x 1.10 (= 2.20) | M1oe |
| £2.70 and £2.20 both correct | A1cao |
| correct conclusion that 2 x 1 kg bags for £2.20 is the cheapest way to buy at least 2 kg | C1 |
| Final answer: Buy 2 bags of 1 kg sugar for £2.20 (this gives exactly 2 kg for the least cost) | |
| Question 31[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| (9/5) x 35 (= 63) seen | M1oe |
| 95 | A1cao |
| 68 - 32 (= 36) seen | M1oe |
| 36 x (5/9) oe (correct reverse operation) | M1 |
| C = 20 | A1cao |
| Final answer: F = 95 | C = 20 | |
| Question 32[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| move decimal to give 4.2 x 10^-7 or equivalent method | M1 |
| 4.2 x 10^-7 | A1cao |
| correct power and coefficient stated | A1 |
| 6 zeros | B1cao |
| explicit count or statement | B1 |
| Final answer: 4.2 x 10^-7 | 6 | |
| Question 33[2 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| recognises difference of two squares, (2x)^2 - 3^2 | M1 |
| (2x - 3)(2x + 3) | A1cao |