Foundation Tier - Year 10

Edexcel-Style Year 10 Foundation Paper 3

An Edexcel-style Year 10 Foundation Paper 3: 80 marks, 90 minutes, calculator, matching Edexcel 1MA1's published paper format. Covers the same nine Year 10 topics as the board-agnostic set: number and calculation, fractions, decimals and percentages, ratio and proportion, indices and standard form, linear algebra, graphs and coordinates, sequences, angles and geometrical reasoning, and area, volume and measures.

33 questions - 80 marks - calculator allowed

Year 10 here means a typical teaching order, not a syllabus rule. No exam board defines what belongs to Year 10, and schools sequence the course differently. Check it against your own scheme of work before using it to decide what a class has covered.

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Questions

Question 1 [1 marks]

Linear Algebra

Solve x/4 = 6

Question 2 [1 marks]

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

Which list shows 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3 in order from smallest to largest?

Question 3 [2 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

A flight leaves at 11:50 am and lands at 1:35 pm. Work out the duration of the flight.

Question 4 [2 marks]

Fractions, Decimals and Percentages

Work out 7/9 - 4/9. Give your answer in its simplest form.

Question 5 [2 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

The diagrams show two straight lines drawn on grids.

Write down the gradient of the horizontal line shown in diagram (a).

Write down the gradient of the vertical line shown in diagram (b).

Question 6 [2 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

A square rug has an area of 144 cm^2. Work out the length of one side of the rug.

Question 7 [3 marks]

Number and Calculation

Chloe buys three items costing £4.85, £12.99 and £7.20. By rounding each amount to the nearest pound, work out an estimate for the total cost.

Question 8 [3 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Simplify the ratio 40 minutes : 2 hours, giving your answer in its simplest form.

Question 9 [3 marks]

Sequences

Three sequences are shown below. Sequence A: 7, 11, 15, 19 Sequence B: 4, 12, 36, 108 Sequence C: 3, 6, 11, 18

State whether Sequence A is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.

State whether Sequence B is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.

State whether Sequence C is arithmetic, geometric, or neither of these. Give a reason for your answer.

Question 10 [3 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

Triangle E has vertices at (2, 1), (5, 1) and (2, 4). Triangle E is rotated 90 degrees clockwise about the origin O to give triangle E'.

Question 11 [4 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

A rectangular picture frame measures 15 cm by 8 cm on the outside. A rectangular window measuring 6 cm by 3 cm is cut from the middle of the frame to hold the photo. Work out the area of the frame itself (not including the window).

Question 12 [1 marks]

Number and Calculation

Round 47 to 1 significant figure.

Question 13 [1 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

Work out 2^5.

Question 14 [1 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

A circle has radius 7 cm. Work out the circumference of the whole circle. Give your answer to 1 decimal place. Use pi = 3.14159.

Question 15 [1 marks]

Linear Algebra

Which value of x satisfies the equation 3x - 2 = 13 ? A) 3 B) 5 C) 15 D) 11/3

Question 16 [2 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Shampoo is sold in a 250 ml bottle for £3.60 and a 500 ml bottle for £6.40. Which bottle is better value per 100 ml? Show working.

Question 17 [2 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

Freya converts 3.2 kilograms to grams. She writes: 3.2 kg = 32 g. Explain the mistake Freya has made, and write down the correct answer.

Question 18 [2 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

A student reads a distance-time graph and finds a cyclist's speed is 12 km in 30 minutes. Give the cyclist's speed in km/h.

Question 19 [1 marks]

Area, Volume and Measures

Convert 5.2 litres to millilitres.

Question 20 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

A rectangle has length (3x + 2) cm and width (x - 1) cm. Find an expression, in its simplest form, for the perimeter of the rectangle.

Question 21 [2 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

A jogger runs 18 km in 1.5 hours at a constant speed. Work out her average speed, in km/h.

Question 22 [2 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

A scale drawing uses 1 cm = 0.5 m. A real pond is 3.75 m long. Work out the length of the pond on the drawing in centimetres. Give your answer to 1 decimal place.

Question 23 [2 marks]

Number and Calculation

Zara was asked to list all the ways to choose 2 different toppings for a pizza from mushroom (M), pepper (P), onion (O) and olives (L), where the order the toppings are chosen in does not matter. Her working is shown below: MP, MO, ML, PM, PO, PL, OM, OL, OM, LM She has concluded there are 10 different pizzas. Explain what is wrong with Zara's list, and work out the correct number of different pizzas.

Question 24 [3 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

Lines l and m are parallel. Points P and R lie on l, and point Q lies on m, forming triangle PQR, with QP = QR. The angle between the transversal QP and line m, which is alternate to angle QPR, is marked 63 degrees.

Question 25 [2 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

A cyclist travels at a constant speed of 20 m/s. Work out this speed in km/h.

Question 26 [3 marks]

Angles and Geometrical Reasoning

A wall is represented by the straight line segment PQ, 6 cm long, using a scale of 1 cm to 2 m. Draw PQ. A safety zone extends exactly 3 m from every point on the wall, including its two ends. Using the same scale, draw the locus of the boundary of the safety zone.

Question 27 [3 marks]

Number and Calculation

A length is 4.6 m correct to 1 decimal place. A second length is 2.31 m correct to 2 decimal places. Work out the greatest possible value of the sum of the two lengths. Give your answer to 2 decimal places.

Question 28 [3 marks]

Graphs and Coordinates

A cubic graph has the equation y = x^3 + 2.

Write down the coordinates of the y-intercept of the graph.

State whether the value of y increases throughout as x increases, giving a reason.

Describe the single transformation that maps the graph of y = x^3 onto the graph of y = x^3 + 2.

Question 29 [5 marks]

Linear Algebra

Make x the subject of each formula.

y = (x + 2)/3

y = 5/(x - 1)

Question 30 [4 marks]

Ratio and Proportion

Aaliyah needs at least 2 kg of sugar for a school bake sale. A shop sells sugar in bags of 750 g for 90p each, and bags of 1 kg for £1.10 each. She can only buy whole bags.

Question 31 [5 marks]

Linear Algebra

The formula for converting a temperature from Celsius (C) to Fahrenheit (F) is F = (9/5)C + 32.

Work out F when C = 35.

Use the formula to work out the value of C when F = 68.

Question 32 [5 marks]

Indices and Standard Form

Write 0.00000042 in standard form then give the number of zeros between the decimal point and the first non-zero digit.

Write 0.00000042 in standard form.

State how many zeros appear between the decimal point and the 4 in the original number.

Question 33 [2 marks]

Linear Algebra

Factorise 4x^2 - 9

Model solutions

Mark scheme for Question 1 [1 mark]
Question 1[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
x = 24B1cao
Mark scheme for Question 2 [1 mark]
Question 2[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
B) 1/4, 1/3, 1/2, 2/3B1
Mark scheme for Question 3 [2 marks]
Question 3[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
11:50 am to 12:50 pm (= 1 hour) or equivalent partial methodM1
1 hour 45 minutesA1cao
Mark scheme for Question 4 [2 marks]
Question 4[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
3/9 oe (subtracting the numerators, same denominator)M1
1/3 cao (simplest form)A1
Final answer: 1/3
Mark scheme for Question 5 [2 marks]
Question 5[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
0B1cao
undefined oe (e.g. no gradient, infinite)B1
Final answer: 0 | Undefined (the line has no defined gradient)
Mark scheme for Question 6 [2 marks]
Question 6[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
sqrt(144) seen or correct method to find the side lengthM1
12 cm cao (units required)A1
Final answer: 12 cm
Mark scheme for Question 7 [3 marks]
Question 7[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
rounds each amount correctly to the nearest pound: 5, 13, 7M1oe
dep adds the three rounded amountsM1
25 (pounds) cao, ft from correctly rounded valuesA1
Final answer: GBP25 estimate
Mark scheme for Question 8 [3 marks]
Question 8[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
convert 2 hours to 120 minutesM1oe
form the ratio 40:120 (or equivalent) and begin to simplifyM1
1:3A1cao
Mark scheme for Question 9 [3 marks]
Question 9[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
arithmetic, since the terms have a common difference of 4B1oe
geometric, since the terms have a common ratio of 3B1oe
neither, since the differences (3, 5, 7) are not constant and the ratios are not constantB1oe
Final answer: Arithmetic (common difference of 4) | Geometric (common ratio of 3) | Neither (it is a quadratic sequence)
Mark scheme for Question 10 [3 marks]
Question 10[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
applies the rule (x,y) -> (y,-x) oe to at least one vertexM1
at least two vertices correctA1
all three vertices correct: (1,-2), (1,-5), (4,-2)A1cao
Final answer: (1, -2), (1, -5), (4, -2)
Mark scheme for Question 11 [4 marks]
Question 11[4 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
outer area = 15 x 8 (= 120)M1
window area = 6 x 3 (= 18)M1
subtracts window from outer areaM1
102 (cm^2)A1cao
Final answer: 102 cm^2
Mark scheme for Question 12 [1 mark]
Question 12[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
50B1cao
Final answer: 50 (to 1 s.f.)
Mark scheme for Question 13 [1 mark]
Question 13[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
32B1cao
Final answer: 32 (2^5 = 32).
Mark scheme for Question 14 [1 mark]
Question 14[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
43.9823... rounded to 44.0 cmB1cao
Final answer: 44.0 cm
Mark scheme for Question 15 [1 mark]
Question 15[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
BB1cao
Final answer: B) x = 5
Mark scheme for Question 16 [2 marks]
Question 16[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
Calculate per 100 ml: 250 ml bottle = 360p/250*100 = 144p; 500 ml bottle = 640p/500*100 = 128pM1
500 ml bottle is better value, 128p per 100 mlA1cao
Final answer: 500 ml bottle is better value: 128p per 100 ml (250 ml bottle is 144p per 100 ml).
Mark scheme for Question 17 [2 marks]
Question 17[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
identifies that Freya multiplied by 10 instead of by 1000 (or divided by 100)B1oe
3200 gB1cao
Final answer: Freya multiplied by 10 instead of 1000 (oe); the correct answer is 3200 g.
Mark scheme for Question 18 [2 marks]
Question 18[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
convert 30 minutes to hours and compute 12 / 0.5 or 12 x 2M1
24 km/hA1cao
Mark scheme for Question 19 [1 mark]
Question 19[1 mark]
Answer or workingMarks
5200 mlB1cao
Mark scheme for Question 20 [2 marks]
Question 20[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
correct method for perimeter, e.g. (3x + 2) + (x - 1) + (3x + 2) + (x - 1) or 2[(3x + 2) + (x - 1)]M1
8x + 2 cao (cm)A1
Final answer: 8x + 2 (cm) (cao)
Mark scheme for Question 21 [2 marks]
Question 21[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
18 / 1.5M1oe
12 (km/h)A1cao
Final answer: 12 km/h
Mark scheme for Question 22 [2 marks]
Question 22[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
divide actual length by scale: 3.75 m / 0.5 m per cm = 7.5 cm (method)M1
7.5 cmA1cao
Final answer: 7.5 cm (3.75 m / 0.5 m per cm = 7.5 cm)
Mark scheme for Question 23 [2 marks]
Question 23[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
identify that order does not matter, so a pair and its reverse (e.g. MP and PM, or MO and OM) represent the same pizza and should not both be counted, oe; and/or identify that OM has been written twice (an exact repeat)C1
6B1cao
Final answer: 6 different pizzas (Zara double-counted each pair in reverse order and also repeated OM)
Mark scheme for Question 24 [3 marks]
Question 24[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
angle QPR = 63 (alternate angles are equal, l parallel to m)M1
angle QRP = 63 (base angles of isosceles triangle PQR are equal, since QP = QR)M1
y = 180 - 63 - 63 = 54A1cao
Final answer: y = 54 degrees
Mark scheme for Question 25 [2 marks]
Question 25[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
20 x 3.6 oe, e.g. 20 x 3600 / 1000M1
72 (km/h)A1cao
Final answer: 72 km/h
Mark scheme for Question 26 [3 marks]
Question 26[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
two straight lines parallel to PQ, each 1.5 cm (3 m) from PQ, one on each side, matching the length of PQC1
two semicircular ends of radius 1.5 cm (3 m), centred on P and on Q, joining the parallel linesC1
complete continuous locus with no gaps, forming a single closed stadium (racetrack) shapeA1
Final answer: A stadium (racetrack) shape: two straight lines 1.5 cm (3 m) either side of PQ, joined by semicircles of radius 1.5 cm (3 m) at each end.
Mark scheme for Question 27 [3 marks]
Question 27[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
identify upper bound for 4.6 as 4.65M1
identify upper bound for 2.31 as 2.315 and add to get 6.965M1
6.97 cao to 2 dpA1
Final answer: 6.97 (m)
Mark scheme for Question 28 [3 marks]
Question 28[3 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
(0, 2)B1cao
Yes, because it has the same basic shape as y=x^3, which increases throughout, just shifted upB1oe
translation by vector (0, 2), i.e. 2 units upB1oe
Final answer: (0, 2) | Yes, y increases throughout | Translation 2 units up (vector (0,2))
Mark scheme for Question 29 [5 marks]
Question 29[5 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
multiplies both sides by 3, e.g. 3y = x + 2M1
x = 3y - 2 oeA1cao
multiplies both sides by (x - 1), e.g. y(x - 1) = 5M1
expands and isolates the term in x, e.g. yx = 5 + yM1
x = (5 + y)/y oe, e.g. x = 5/y + 1A1cao
Final answer: x = 3y - 2 | x = (5 + y)/y
Mark scheme for Question 30 [4 marks]
Question 30[4 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
at least two valid combinations of whole bags totalling at least 2 kg identified, e.g. 3 x 750 g and 2 x 1 kgP1
3 x 90 (= 2.70) oe and 2 x 1.10 (= 2.20)M1oe
£2.70 and £2.20 both correctA1cao
correct conclusion that 2 x 1 kg bags for £2.20 is the cheapest way to buy at least 2 kgC1
Final answer: Buy 2 bags of 1 kg sugar for £2.20 (this gives exactly 2 kg for the least cost)
Mark scheme for Question 31 [5 marks]
Question 31[5 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
(9/5) x 35 (= 63) seenM1oe
95A1cao
68 - 32 (= 36) seenM1oe
36 x (5/9) oe (correct reverse operation)M1
C = 20A1cao
Final answer: F = 95 | C = 20
Mark scheme for Question 32 [5 marks]
Question 32[5 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
move decimal to give 4.2 x 10^-7 or equivalent methodM1
4.2 x 10^-7A1cao
correct power and coefficient statedA1
6 zerosB1cao
explicit count or statementB1
Final answer: 4.2 x 10^-7 | 6
Mark scheme for Question 33 [2 marks]
Question 33[2 marks]
Answer or workingMarks
recognises difference of two squares, (2x)^2 - 3^2M1
(2x - 3)(2x + 3)A1cao