Year 10 Paper 3: Progress Check
Covers organisation, atomic structure, bonding, energy and electricity.
Year 10 here means a typical teaching order, not a syllabus rule. No exam board defines what belongs to Year 10, and schools sequence the course differently. Check it against your own scheme of work before using it to decide what a class has covered.
Questions
Question 1 [3 marks]
Organisation
The heart pumps blood around the body through a network of blood vessels.
State the name of the blood vessel that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body.
State the name of the heart chamber that this blood leaves from.
State one function of the valves in the heart.
Question 2 [3 marks]
Electricity
A UK three-pin plug contains a live wire, a neutral wire and an earth wire, each covered in insulation of a different colour.
State the colour of the insulation on each of the live, neutral and earth wires.
Question 3 [4 marks]
Energy
Energy resources can be classified as renewable or non-renewable.
State what is meant by a 'renewable energy resource', give two examples of renewable energy resources, and give one example of a non-renewable energy resource.
Question 4 [4 marks]
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Following the nuclear model of the atom, scientists further developed our understanding of atomic structure.
Describe how Niels Bohr adapted the nuclear model of the atom, and describe the later discovery that showed the positive charge of the nucleus is made up of smaller particles.
Question 5 [4 marks]
Bonding, Structure and the Properties of Matter
Magnesium oxide, MgO, is an ionic compound formed from magnesium and oxygen.
Describe how magnesium and oxygen atoms form ions to make magnesium oxide, and name the particles held together by ionic bonding in the compound.
Question 6 [4 marks]
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Chlorine has two naturally occurring isotopes: chlorine-35, with an abundance of 75%, and chlorine-37, with an abundance of 25%.
Calculate the relative atomic mass of chlorine. Give your answer to 1 decimal place.
Question 7 [4 marks]
Electricity
A current of 3.0 A flows through a component for 2 minutes.
Calculate the charge that flows through the component in this time. Use Q = I t.
Question 8 [4 marks]
Energy
A crane lifts a load of mass 250 kg through a height of 12 m.
Calculate the gravitational potential energy gained by the load. Use GPE = m g h, with g = 9.8 N/kg.
Question 9 [5 marks]
Electricity
A hairdryer transfers 1200 J of energy every 6 seconds when connected to the mains.
Calculate the power of the hairdryer, and calculate the current it draws from a 230 V mains supply. Use P = E / t and P = I V.
Question 10 [5 marks]
Atomic Structure and the Periodic Table
Group 0 of the periodic table contains the noble gases.
Explain, in terms of electronic structure, why the noble gases are unreactive, and describe two other physical properties of the noble gases.
Model solutions
| Question 1[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| aorta | B1 |
| left ventricle | B1 |
| valves preventing the backflow of blood | B1 |
| Final answer: Aorta; left ventricle; valves prevent backflow | |
| Question 2[3 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| the live wire being brown | B1 |
| the neutral wire being blue | B1 |
| the earth wire being green and yellow | B1 |
| Final answer: Live: brown; neutral: blue; earth: green and yellow | |
| Question 3[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| stating a renewable energy resource is one that is being (or can be) replenished as it is used, so it will not run out | B1 |
| wind (power) as an example of a renewable energy resource | B1 |
| solar (power) as an example of a renewable energy resource | B1 |
| coal, oil or natural gas (a fossil fuel) as an example of a non-renewable energy resource | B1 |
| Final answer: A renewable resource is replenished as it is used and will not run out, e.g. wind and solar power; coal is a non-renewable resource | |
| Question 4[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| Bohr proposing that electrons orbit the nucleus at specific, fixed distances (in shells or energy levels) | B1 |
| stating this model agreed with experimental observations, unlike a nucleus with electrons able to orbit at any distance | B1 |
| later experimental work showing the positive charge of the nucleus could be divided into smaller particles | B1 |
| these particles being identified as protons, each with a relative charge of +1 | B1 |
| Final answer: Bohr proposed electrons orbit in fixed shells; later work showed the nucleus's positive charge is made up of protons, each with a +1 charge | |
| Question 5[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| magnesium atoms losing 2 electrons to form Mg2+ ions | B1 |
| oxygen atoms gaining 2 electrons to form O2- ions | B1 |
| the oppositely charged ions being strongly attracted to each other | B1 |
| stating the particles held together are ions (Mg2+ and O2- ions) | B1 |
| Final answer: Mg2+ and O2- ions form by electron transfer and are held together by strong ionic bonding | |
| Question 6[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| multiplying each isotope's mass by its percentage abundance | M1 |
| (35 x 75) + (37 x 25) | M1 |
| dividing the total by 100 | M1 |
| 35.5 | A1 |
| Question 7[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| converting 2 minutes to seconds, 2 x 60 | M1 |
| substituting into Q = I t, 3.0 x 120 | M1 |
| 360 | A1 |
| the unit coulombs (C) | B1 |
| Final answer: 360 C | |
| Question 8[4 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| using GPE = m g h | M1 |
| substituting 250 x 9.8 x 12 | M1 |
| correct evaluation | M1 |
| 29400 J (29.4 kJ) | A1 |
| Question 9[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| using power = energy / time | M1 |
| substituting 1200 / 6 | M1 |
| 200 W | A1 |
| rearranging P = I V to I = P / V, substituting 200 / 230 | M1 |
| 0.87 A (2 dp) | A1 |
| Final answer: 200 W; 0.87 A | |
| Question 10[5 marks] | |
|---|---|
| Answer or working | Marks |
| noble gas atoms having a full outer shell of electrons | B1 |
| stating this means the atoms do not need to gain, lose or share electrons to become stable | B1 |
| stating the noble gases are (very) unreactive | B1 |
| the noble gases existing as single (monatomic) atoms, not molecules | B1 |
| stating they are colourless gases at room temperature | B1 |
| Final answer: Full outer electron shells make noble gases unreactive; they exist as colourless, monatomic gases | |