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GCSE · Theme F: Religion, Peace and Conflict - Trade Justice

RS.TF10 Trade Justice and Fair Trade Campaigns

AQA 8062 · Calculators not allowed · about 40 minutes

Total Marks

Name: _______________________________ Date: ____ / ____ / ______

Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.

Which one of the following is an aim of the Fairtrade Foundation as a trade justice scheme working with producers in developing countries?

A. To guarantee cheap imports for UK supermarkets
B. To pay a fair minimum price to producers
C. To replace smallholder farms with multinational plantations
D. To reduce labour standards to cut costs
E. To stop all trade between rich and poor countries

(Total for Question 1 is 1 mark)

Name two things the Fairtrade mark on a product indicates to consumers in the UK ethical market and campaigning context.

(Total for Question 2 is 2 marks)

Give two aims of Fair Trade schemes such as the Fairtrade Foundation in helping small-scale producers in the global supply chain.

(Total for Question 3 is 2 marks)

Give two examples of Fair Trade products commonly sold in UK shops used to illustrate trade justice campaigns and consumer choice.

(Total for Question 4 is 2 marks)

Give three ways the wider Trade Justice Movement, beyond product labelling, tries to improve conditions for workers in global trade.

(Total for Question 5 is 3 marks)

Explain two reasons why religious believers might support Fair Trade schemes in international trade campaigns, referring to religious teachings about justice and the fair treatment of workers.

(Total for Question 6 is 4 marks)

Explain two contrasting religious beliefs about trade justice, referring to a source of wisdom or authority in each case. Describe one belief that supports organised Fair Trade action and one belief that suggests other responses.

(Total for Question 7 is 5 marks)

Give three reasons why consumers in the UK might choose to buy Fairtrade-labelled products as part of trade justice campaigning.

(Total for Question 8 is 3 marks)

Explain two ways the Trade Justice Movement works to change global trade systems beyond product labelling, with reasons why these methods might be effective.

(Total for Question 9 is 4 marks)

Explain two religious teachings that specifically oppose exploitative trade practices, and briefly show how one of them could be used to argue for fair wages or honest dealing in international trade.

(Total for Question 10 is 3 marks)

Give one practical action an individual in the UK could take to support trade justice campaigns beyond buying Fairtrade goods.

(Total for Question 11 is 1 mark)

Evaluate the view that Fair Trade is the best way to help the poor in developing countries. In your answer you should: give reasoned arguments to support this statement, give reasoned arguments to support a different point of view, refer to religious arguments, reach a justified conclusion. (15 marks: 12 for content and 3 for SPaG)

(Total for Question 12 is 15 marks)

Mark scheme · RS.TF10 Trade Justice and Fair Trade Campaigns

Question 1

B1 selection of B, to pay a fair minimum price to producers, cao
Answer: B

Question 2

B1 it shows the product meets Fairtrade standards for producer payment or pricing, oe
B1 it shows the product comes from certified producers who receive community premiums or improved trading conditions, oe
Answer: Any two: the product meets Fairtrade price/payment standards; producers are certified and receive a Fairtrade premium/community support.

Question 3

B1 aim 1: to ensure producers receive a fair or minimum price for their goods, oe
B1 aim 2: to improve working conditions and support community development through Fairtrade premiums, oe
Answer: Any two: ensure a fair minimum price; improve working conditions and provide community development premiums.

Question 4

B1 example 1: coffee, oe
B1 example 2: cocoa or chocolate, oe
Answer: Any two: coffee; cocoa/chocolate; tea; bananas; sugar are acceptable examples.

Question 5

B1 method 1: campaigning for changes in trade laws and unfair trade agreements, oe
B1 method 2: supporting worker organisation and trade unions or cooperatives in producer countries, oe
B1 method 3: pressuring retailers and governments to ensure living wages and supply chain transparency, oe
Answer: Any three: campaigning for fair trade policies; supporting unions and producer cooperatives; pressuring retailers and governments for living wages and transparency.

Question 6

B1 point 1: believers may support Fair Trade because it seeks to give vulnerable workers a just wage, reflecting teachings on justice and fairness, oe
B1 development: linked to Christian teaching on just wages and care for the poor, or Muslim teachings forbidding exploitative dealing, giving a moral reason to back Fair Trade, oe
B1 point 2: believers may support Fair Trade because it promotes dignity and safe working conditions, valuing people over profit, oe
B1 development: this can be connected to religious calls to protect the vulnerable and promote human dignity, for example Isaiah 58:6-7 on helping the oppressed, oe
Answer: E.g. Fair Trade provides just wages (supports teachings on justice and honest dealing) and promotes dignity and safe work, reflecting religious ethics about protecting the vulnerable.

Question 7

B1 belief 1: some Christians support organised Fair Trade because it seeks justice for workers, reflecting Jesus's teachings about caring for the poor, oe
B1 development: reference to a source, e.g. Luke 10:25-37 or Matthew 25:35-40, used to justify helping the vulnerable through structured action, oe
B1 belief 2: some religious people may prioritise direct charity or local development over certification schemes, arguing practical aid or self-help is better, oe
B1 development: this view can be supported by teachings that stress personal charity and neighbourly duty, for example Quran 2:271 on giving quietly and sincerely, oe
B1 explicit reference to at least one appropriate source of wisdom or authority for each belief, oe
Answer: Contrast: organised Fair Trade supported by Christian teachings on justice (e.g. Matthew 25) vs a position favouring direct charity or local development supported by teachings urging personal charity (e.g. Quran 2:271); both views grounded in scripture.

Question 8

B1 reason 1: to ensure producers receive a fair price and are less likely to be exploited, oe
B1 reason 2: to support community development projects funded by Fairtrade premiums, oe
B1 reason 3: to pressure supermarkets and companies to change supply-chain practices, oe
Answer: Any three: to ensure fair pay; support community development premiums; to pressure companies to improve supply chains.

Question 9

B1 point 1: campaigning for changes in laws and trade agreements to protect workers and ensure fairer terms of trade, oe
B1 development: this can be effective because it creates systemic change that affects many producers, not only those with certification, oe
B1 point 2: supporting local producer organisations and unions to build bargaining power and improve conditions, oe
B1 development: stronger local organisation can lead to long-term improvements in wages and working conditions, reducing exploitation, oe
Answer: E.g. campaigning for fairer trade laws to create systemic change; supporting unions/cooperatives to increase producers' bargaining power, both effective for wider impact.

Question 10

B1 teaching 1: Christian teaching that workers deserve just pay, for example James 5:4 condemns withholding wages, oe
B1 development: this can be used to demand just wages in supply chains, connecting scripture to Fair Trade goals, oe
B1 teaching 2: Islamic teaching against unjust or exploitative contracts and cheating in trade, for example Quranic emphasis on honest dealing (Quran 83:1-3 refers to those who give less than due), oe
Answer: E.g. James 5:4 used to argue for just wages in supply chains; Quranic teachings condemning dishonest or exploitative trade as a second teaching.

Question 11

B1 one practical action, such as writing to an MP or retailer, joining a local campaign group, or volunteering with a trade justice organisation, oe
Answer: Any one practical action: e.g. write to your MP or supermarket, join a campaign group, volunteer with a trade justice organisation.

Question 12

Level 4 (10-12): A well-developed, balanced evaluation that analyses reasons for and against the view, includes relevant religious arguments, and reaches a supported, justified conclusion.
Level 3 (7-9): A sound answer that gives arguments for and against the view, with some use of religious ideas, and a conclusion that is supported though not fully developed.
Level 2 (4-6): A limited attempt to evaluate: some relevant points for and/or against the view are offered, but analysis is undeveloped and links to religion are minimal.
Level 1 (1-3): Basic, undeveloped comments with little relevance to the question and no real evaluation or religious reference.
Level 0 (0): No response or no relevant material.
Indicative content:
- Arguments supporting Fair Trade as the best way: it guarantees a minimum price and premiums that can improve incomes and community projects, giving producers direct, market-based benefits.
- Fair Trade can empower producers through certification, co-operatives and longer-term trading relationships, leading to sustainable improvements in livelihoods.
- Religious support for Fair Trade: Christian teachings about justice and just wages (e.g. James 5:4) and Islamic teaching against exploitation can be used to justify structured Fair Trade approaches that protect workers.
- Arguments against Fair Trade as the best way: only a minority of producers are Fairtrade-certified, so its reach is limited; certification can be costly and bureaucratic for the poorest farmers.
- Criticisms include that Fair Trade may not address underlying structural problems in global trade, such as unequal subsidies and trade rules favouring rich countries, which require political and legal change.
- Alternative methods to help the poor include direct development aid, investment in infrastructure and education, support for local markets and cooperative business models, and campaigning for fair trade laws and better global trade rules.
- Religious critique or alternative religious approaches: some faith-based groups argue for direct charity, long-term development partnerships, or political advocacy as more effective ways to show compassion and justice.
- Conclusion: a justified answer might recognise Fair Trade's positive impact for some producers while arguing it is one of several necessary approaches, and that combining Fair Trade with political change and development work is likely more effective overall.

Trade Justice and Fair Trade Campaigns - Worksheets, Questions and Revision