Science: Full Practice Paper Worksheet with Answers

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CE.S-T1 Science: Full Practice Paper

ISEB COMMON ENTRANCE CE.S-T1 · Calculator allowed · about 60 minutes

Total Marks

Name: _______________________________ Date: ____ / ____ / ______

Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.

1

Which organ pumps blood around the human body?

A) Lungs
B) Heart
C) Liver
D) Stomach

(Total for Question 1 is 1 mark)

2

Which state of matter has both a fixed shape and a fixed volume?

A) Gas
B) Liquid
C) Solid
D) Vapour

(Total for Question 2 is 1 mark)

3

Which unit is used to measure force?

A) Newton
B) Joule
C) Watt
D) Volt

(Total for Question 3 is 1 mark)

4

What is the name of the process by which green plants use sunlight to make their own food?

A) Respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Digestion
D) Evaporation

(Total for Question 4 is 1 mark)

5

Priya dissolves salt in water to make a salt solution. Which method should she use to get the solid salt back from the solution?

A) Filtration
B) Evaporation
C) Magnetism
D) Sieving

(Total for Question 5 is 1 mark)

6

Which of these materials is the best conductor of electricity?

A) Rubber
B) Copper
C) Wood
D) Plastic

(Total for Question 6 is 1 mark)

7

Jakub is investigating how the amount of sunlight affects how tall bean plants grow. He places identical bean plants in three positions: full sunlight, partial shade and full shade. He waters each plant with the same amount of water every day and measures the height of each plant after two weeks.

(a)State the independent variable in Jakub's investigation.(1)

(b)State the dependent variable in Jakub's investigation.(1)

(Total for Question 7 is 2 marks)

8

Complete the two missing words in these sentences about changes of state.

(a)When a solid is heated until it turns into a liquid, this change is called ______.(1)

(b)When a liquid is cooled until it turns into a solid, this change is called ______.(1)

(Total for Question 8 is 2 marks)

9

Nia builds two circuits, each with one battery and two identical bulbs. In Circuit A the bulbs are connected in series. In Circuit B the bulbs are connected in parallel.

(a)In which circuit will the bulbs shine more brightly?(1)

(b)Give one reason for your answer to part (a).(1)

(Total for Question 9 is 2 marks)

10

The table below shows the temperature of a beaker of water, recorded as it was heated steadily over a Bunsen burner.

Time (minutes): 0	2	4	6
Temperature (degC): 20	38	54	61

(a)Calculate the increase in temperature between 0 minutes and 6 minutes.(1)

(b)Between which two consecutive readings was the temperature rise the smallest?(1)

(Total for Question 10 is 2 marks)

11

Explain, using ideas about particles, why a gas will always expand to completely fill any container it is put into. Use the word 'particles' in your answer.

(Total for Question 11 is 3 marks)

12

Explain why a shadow forms behind an opaque object placed in front of a torch, and explain what happens to the size of the shadow if the object is moved closer to the torch.

(Total for Question 12 is 3 marks)

13

Describe the job of each of these three parts of the human circulatory system: the heart, the arteries, and red blood cells.

(Total for Question 13 is 3 marks)

14

Fatima wants to find out how the temperature of water affects how quickly a sugar cube dissolves. She plans to test the water at 20 degC, 40 degC and 60 degC.

(a)Name the variable Fatima must change in her investigation.(1)

(b)Name two variables Fatima must keep the same to make this a fair test.(2)

(Total for Question 14 is 3 marks)

15

Two children pull a sledge. Oliver pulls with a force of 45 N to the right. Chidi pulls with a force of 20 N to the left, in the opposite direction.

(a)Calculate the resultant force on the sledge.(1)

(b)State the direction the sledge will move.(1)

(c)Explain what would happen to the sledge if the two forces were exactly equal and opposite.(1)

(Total for Question 15 is 3 marks)

16

The table below shows the height of a sunflower seedling, measured once a week.

Week: 1	2	3	4	5
Height (cm): 4	9	15	24	30

(a)Calculate the total growth in height between Week 1 and Week 5.(1)

(b)Between which two consecutive weeks was the increase in height greatest?(1)

(c)Suggest one reason the sunflower might have grown fastest during that week (for example, a change in light, water or temperature).(1)

(Total for Question 16 is 3 marks)

17

Explain the difference between a reversible change and an irreversible change. Give one example of each that is different from melting or freezing.

(Total for Question 17 is 3 marks)

18

Ravi drops a ball from a height of 1 m and uses a stopwatch to time how long it takes to hit the ground. He repeats this five times.

Trial: 1	2	3	4	5
Time (s): 0.45	0.46	0.68	0.44	0.45

(a)Identify which trial gives an anomalous (unusual) result.(1)

(b)Suggest one reason this anomalous result might have occurred.(1)

(c)Calculate the mean time using only the four trials that are not anomalous, giving your answer to two decimal places.(1)

(Total for Question 18 is 3 marks)

19

Describe, in order, the job of each of these four parts of the human digestive system: the mouth, the stomach, the small intestine, and the large intestine.

(Total for Question 19 is 4 marks)

20

Explain what happens when universal indicator is added to an acid, and what happens when it is added to an alkali. Then describe what happens when the right amount of an acid is added to an alkali (neutralisation), including the pH of the resulting solution.

(Total for Question 20 is 4 marks)

21

Kwame tests how the brightness of a bulb changes when he adds more cells (batteries) to a series circuit. He uses a different bulb for each test and judges brightness just by looking at it.

(a)Identify one part of Kwame's method that makes his comparison unfair.(1)

(b)Suggest one improvement to make the comparison fairer.(1)

(c)Suggest one improvement to make the brightness measurement more objective (less a matter of opinion).(1)

(d)Predict what will happen to the brightness of the bulb as more cells are added to the series circuit, and explain why.(1)

(Total for Question 21 is 4 marks)

22

Limpets are small sea creatures that live on rocks in the intertidal zone at the seaside, an area that is covered by seawater at high tide and exposed to air at low tide. Explain four ways a limpet might be adapted to survive in this harsh environment.

(Total for Question 22 is 4 marks)

23

A group of pupils tests the pH of four cleaning products using universal indicator paper.

Product: W	X	Y	Z
pH: 2	7	10	13

(a)Which product is the strongest acid?(1)

(b)Which product is neutral?(1)

(c)Put the four products in order from most acidic to most alkaline.(1)

(d)A pupil concludes: 'Product Z is the most dangerous to handle because it has the highest pH.' Suggest one reason this conclusion might not be fully justified by the pH data alone.(1)

(Total for Question 23 is 4 marks)

24

An electric kettle is used to boil water. Describe the main energy transfer that takes place, name the energy store the water gains, and explain one way heat energy is wasted (dissipated) to the surroundings during this process.

(Total for Question 24 is 4 marks)

25

Aaliyah measures her resting pulse rate, then exercises for 5 minutes and measures her pulse rate again straight away. She repeats this on a hot day and a cold day and finds her after-exercise pulse rate is higher on the hot day. She concludes: 'Temperature is what makes pulse rate increase after exercise.'

(a)Identify one variable, other than air temperature, that was not controlled between the two tests.(1)

(b)Explain why this makes her conclusion not fully reliable.(1)

(c)Suggest one improvement Aaliyah could make to her investigation to test the effect of temperature more fairly.(1)

(d)Suggest one reason, other than air temperature, why the body's pulse rate might rise after exercise.(1)

(Total for Question 25 is 4 marks)

26

Using ideas about the particle model and changes of state, explain what happens to water particles during these stages of the water cycle: evaporation from the sea, condensation to form clouds, and precipitation as rain.

(Total for Question 26 is 4 marks)

27

A toy car is timed over a track, and its average speed is recorded for each of three seconds.

Second: 1	2	3
Speed (m/s): 1	2	3

(a)Describe the pattern shown in the car's speed over these three seconds.(1)

(b)Predict the car's speed during Second 4, if the pattern continues.(1)

(c)Explain, using ideas about forces, why a car's speed might increase steadily like this. Name the type of force causing the increase in speed.(1)

(d)Suggest one reason the car's speed might stop increasing and instead level off if the test continued for longer.(1)

(Total for Question 27 is 4 marks)

28

Astronauts on the International Space Station carry oxygen supplies with them. Explain why astronauts need a supply of oxygen in space, referring to both breathing (respiration) and to why fuel cannot burn without it.

(Total for Question 28 is 3 marks)

29

Chloe investigates how the temperature of water affects how long it takes for a stock cube to completely dissolve.

Temperature (degC): 20	40	60	80
Time to dissolve (s): 220	130	70	40

(a)Identify the independent variable and the dependent variable in this investigation.(1)

(b)Describe the pattern shown by the results.(1)

(c)Explain this pattern using ideas about particles.(1)

(d)Suggest one improvement Chloe could make to increase the reliability of her results.(1)

(Total for Question 29 is 4 marks)

30

A class investigates whether the colour of light affects how tall pea seedlings grow. They place identical pea seedlings in three sealed boxes, each fitted with a different coloured filter over an identical lamp, and water each seedling with the same amount of water every day. After two weeks they measure the height of each seedling.

Light colour: Red	Green	Blue
Height (cm): 18	6	15

(a)State two variables the class kept the same to make this a fair test.(2)

(b)Using the results, which colour of light seems to be least useful for plant growth?(1)

(c)Suggest a scientific reason, related to photosynthesis, why green light might produce this result.(2)

(d)Suggest one way the class could improve the reliability of their conclusion.(1)

(Total for Question 30 is 6 marks)

Mark scheme · CE.S-T1 Science: Full Practice Paper

Question 1

B1 B cao
Answer: B) Heart

Question 2

B1 C cao
Answer: C) Solid

Question 3

B1 A cao
Answer: A) Newton

Question 4

B1 B cao
Answer: B) Photosynthesis

Question 5

B1 B cao
Answer: B) Evaporation

Question 6

B1 B cao
Answer: B) Copper

Question 7

(a) B1 the amount of sunlight/light each plant receives oe
(a) Answer: The amount of sunlight each plant receives.
(b) B1 the height of the bean plants (in cm) oe
(b) Answer: The height of the bean plants.

Question 8

(a) B1 melting cao
(a) Answer: Melting
(b) B1 freezing cao
(b) Answer: Freezing

Question 9

(a) B1 Circuit B (parallel) cao
(a) Answer: Circuit B (the parallel circuit).
(b) B1 in parallel each bulb gets the full potential difference (voltage) of the battery, whereas in series the potential difference is shared/split between the two bulbs oe
(b) Answer: In a parallel circuit each bulb gets the full voltage of the battery, but in a series circuit the voltage is shared between the two bulbs.

Question 10

(a) B1 41 degC cao
(a) Answer: 41 degC
(b) B1 between 4 and 6 minutes cao
(b) Answer: Between 4 minutes and 6 minutes.

Question 11

B1 particles in a gas move quickly and randomly in all directions oe
B1 the particles are far apart, with very weak forces of attraction between them oe
B1 the particles keep moving and spreading out until they reach the walls of the container, filling all the available space oe
Answer: Gas particles move quickly and randomly in all directions and are far apart with almost no forces holding them together, so they spread out and keep moving until they fill the whole container.

Question 12

B1 light travels in straight lines (as rays) oe
B1 the opaque object blocks the light rays, so no light reaches the area behind it, forming a dark shadow oe
B1 moving the object closer to the torch makes the shadow bigger, because the light rays spread out more before reaching the screen oe
Answer: Light travels in straight lines, so when an opaque object blocks the light rays a dark shadow forms where light cannot reach. Moving the object closer to the torch makes the shadow bigger because the light rays spread out more before hitting the screen.

Question 13

B1 heart: pumps blood around the body oe
B1 arteries: carry blood away from the heart, usually under high pressure oe
B1 red blood cells: carry oxygen (bound to haemoglobin) around the body oe
Answer: The heart pumps blood around the body; arteries carry blood away from the heart; red blood cells carry oxygen around the body.

Question 14

(a) B1 the temperature of the water cao
(a) Answer: The temperature of the water.
(b) B1 the volume/amount of water used oe
(b) B1 the size/mass of the sugar cube (or any other valid control, e.g. stirring rate, type of container) oe
(b) Answer: The volume of water used and the size (mass) of the sugar cube.

Question 15

(a) B1 25 N cao
(a) Answer: 25 N
(b) B1 to the right (the direction of the larger force) cao
(b) Answer: To the right.
(c) B1 the forces would be balanced, giving a resultant force of 0 N, so the sledge would stay still or continue moving at a constant speed oe
(c) Answer: The forces would be balanced (resultant force = 0 N), so the sledge would stay still, or keep moving at a steady speed if it was already moving.

Question 16

(a) B1 26 cm cao
(a) Answer: 26 cm
(b) B1 between Week 3 and Week 4 cao
(b) Answer: Between Week 3 and Week 4.
(c) B1 any valid reason, e.g. more sunlight or a warmer temperature that week increased the rate of photosynthesis oe
(c) Answer: For example, there may have been more sunlight or a warmer temperature that week, increasing the rate of photosynthesis.

Question 17

B1 reversible change: no new substance is formed and the change can be undone oe
B1 valid example of a reversible change other than melting/freezing, e.g. dissolving salt in water, or stretching then releasing a spring
B1 irreversible change: a new substance is formed and the change cannot easily be undone, with a valid example, e.g. burning paper, cooking an egg, or rusting
Answer: A reversible change forms no new substance and can be undone, e.g. dissolving salt in water. An irreversible change forms a new substance and cannot easily be undone, e.g. burning paper.

Question 18

(a) B1 Trial 3 (0.68 s) cao
(a) Answer: Trial 3 (0.68 s).
(b) B1 any plausible reason, e.g. Ravi started or stopped the stopwatch late, or the ball was dropped from a slightly different height, or a reaction-time timing error oe
(b) Answer: For example, Ravi may have started or stopped the stopwatch at the wrong moment (a timing error).
(c) B1 0.45 s cao
(c) Answer: 0.45 s

Question 19

B1 mouth: teeth and saliva begin to break down food mechanically and chemically oe
B1 stomach: churns food and produces acid/enzymes to continue digesting it oe
B1 small intestine: digested food (nutrients) is absorbed into the blood oe
B1 large intestine: water is absorbed and undigested waste is formed into faeces oe
Answer: Mouth: begins breaking down food. Stomach: churns food with acid/enzymes. Small intestine: absorbs digested nutrients into the blood. Large intestine: absorbs water and forms waste.

Question 20

B1 acid: turns universal indicator red/orange/yellow (pH below 7) oe
B1 alkali: turns universal indicator blue/purple (pH above 7) oe
B1 acid and alkali react together and neutralise each other, forming a salt and water oe
B1 the resulting solution has a pH of 7 (neutral) if exactly the right amounts are used oe
Answer: An acid turns universal indicator red/orange/yellow (pH below 7); an alkali turns it blue/purple (pH above 7). When the right amounts of acid and alkali react, they neutralise each other, forming a salt and water, and the resulting solution has a pH of 7.

Question 21

(a) B1 using a different bulb for each test, so the bulbs may not be identical oe
(a) Answer: He uses a different bulb for each test, so the bulbs being compared may not be identical.
(b) B1 use the same bulb for every test, only changing the number of cells oe
(b) Answer: Use the same bulb for every test, changing only the number of cells.
(c) B1 use a light meter (lux meter), or measure the current with an ammeter, instead of judging brightness by eye oe
(c) Answer: Use a light meter (lux meter) or an ammeter to measure current, rather than judging brightness by eye.
(d) B1 brightness increases, because more cells increase the potential difference (voltage), pushing more current through the circuit oe
(d) Answer: The bulb becomes brighter, because more cells increase the potential difference (voltage), which pushes more current through the circuit.

Question 22

B1 a strong muscular foot to grip tightly onto the rock, resisting being washed away by waves oe
B1 a hard shell to protect it from predators oe
B1 a low, cone-shaped shell that reduces drag/resistance from crashing waves oe
B1 the ability to clamp its shell tightly to the rock at low tide, trapping a little water inside to stop it drying out (desiccation) oe
Answer: A limpet has a strong muscular foot to grip the rock against waves, a hard shell for protection, a low cone-shaped shell to reduce wave drag, and the ability to clamp down at low tide to avoid drying out.

Question 23

(a) B1 Product W cao
(a) Answer: Product W.
(b) B1 Product X cao
(b) Answer: Product X.
(c) B1 W, X, Y, Z cao
(c) Answer: W, X, Y, Z
(d) B1 pH alone does not show concentration, or how corrosive the substance actually is, or other hazards such as toxicity; a strong acid could be just as dangerous oe
(d) Answer: pH alone does not tell you the concentration of the product or its other hazards (such as toxicity); a very strong acid could be just as dangerous as a very strong alkali.

Question 24

B1 electrical energy is transferred to the heating element oe
B1 the heating element transfers energy to the water by heating, increasing the thermal energy store of the water oe
B1 some energy is dissipated (wasted) to the surroundings by heating the kettle body/surrounding air, which is why the outside of the kettle feels warm oe
B1 correctly identifies the useful energy output as the thermal energy in the water, distinct from the wasted energy, or links the electrical energy used to the cost shown on an electricity bill oe
Answer: Electrical energy is transferred to the heating element, which heats the water, increasing its thermal energy store. Some energy is wasted by heating the kettle body and surrounding air rather than the water, which is why boiling a kettle uses electrical energy that costs money on an electricity bill.

Question 25

(a) B1 any valid uncontrolled variable, e.g. the intensity/type of exercise, how rested she was, what she had eaten, time of day oe
(a) Answer: For example, the intensity or type of exercise she did may not have been exactly the same on each day.
(b) B1 because more than one variable changed between the two tests, she cannot be sure it was temperature, rather than the other variable, that caused the difference in pulse rate oe
(b) Answer: Because more than one variable changed between the two tests, she cannot be certain that temperature, rather than the other variable, caused the difference in pulse rate.
(c) B1 keep all other variables the same (same exercise type, intensity and duration, similar rest beforehand) and only change the air temperature, ideally repeating each condition oe
(c) Answer: Keep every other variable the same (same type, intensity and duration of exercise) and only change the air temperature, repeating each condition several times.
(d) B1 exercising muscles need more oxygen and glucose for respiration, so the heart beats faster to pump more oxygenated blood to them oe
(d) Answer: Exercising muscles need more oxygen and glucose for respiration, so the heart beats faster to pump more oxygenated blood to them.

Question 26

B1 evaporation: the Sun heats the surface water, giving particles enough energy to escape as water vapour (a gas), overcoming the forces holding them together as a liquid oe
B1 the water vapour rises and cools as it moves higher into the atmosphere oe
B1 condensation: as the vapour cools, particles lose energy, move more slowly and come closer together, forming tiny liquid water droplets that make up clouds oe
B1 precipitation: droplets join together and become heavy enough to fall as rain, returning liquid water to the surface oe
Answer: Sun-warmed water particles gain enough energy to evaporate into water vapour, which rises and cools; as it cools it condenses into tiny liquid droplets forming clouds; these droplets join together and fall as rain (precipitation).

Question 27

(a) B1 the speed increases steadily by 1 m/s every second (constant acceleration) oe
(a) Answer: The speed increases by 1 m/s every second, a steady (constant) increase.
(b) B1 4 m/s cao
(b) Answer: 4 m/s
(c) B1 a driving/engine force greater than the resistive forces (friction and air resistance) produces a resultant force forward, which accelerates the car oe
(c) Answer: The driving (engine) force is greater than the resistive forces (friction and air resistance), so there is a resultant forward force, which accelerates the car.
(d) B1 as speed increases, air resistance/friction increases until it balances the driving force, giving a resultant force of zero and a steady (maximum) speed oe
(d) Answer: As speed increases, resistive forces (such as air resistance) increase until they balance the driving force, giving a resultant force of zero, so the car reaches a steady maximum speed.

Question 28

B1 living cells need oxygen for respiration, to release energy from food, and space has no breathable atmosphere, so astronauts must breathe supplied oxygen to survive oe
B1 burning (combustion), such as burning rocket fuel, is a chemical reaction that also needs oxygen to react with the fuel; without oxygen present, the fuel cannot combust oe
B1 a correct link that oxygen is therefore essential both for keeping astronauts alive (respiration) and for equipment/reactions on board that rely on combustion oe
Answer: Astronauts need oxygen for their cells to respire and release energy, since there is no breathable atmosphere in space; oxygen is also needed for fuel to combust, since burning is a chemical reaction that requires oxygen to react with the fuel.

Question 29

(a) B1 independent variable: temperature of the water; dependent variable: time taken to dissolve
(a) Answer: Independent variable: temperature of the water. Dependent variable: time taken for the stock cube to dissolve.
(b) B1 as temperature increases, the time taken to dissolve decreases (a negative/inverse relationship) oe
(b) Answer: As the temperature increases, the time taken for the stock cube to dissolve decreases.
(c) B1 at higher temperatures, water particles have more energy and move faster, colliding with the stock cube particles more often and with more force, breaking it apart and spreading its particles through the water more quickly oe
(c) Answer: At higher temperatures, water particles move faster and collide with the stock cube more often and more forcefully, breaking it apart and dissolving it more quickly.
(d) B1 repeat each temperature test (e.g. three times) and calculate a mean, or control the size/mass of the stock cube and the volume of water used oe
(d) Answer: Repeat each temperature test several times and calculate a mean time, making sure the stock cube size and volume of water are the same each time.

Question 30

(a) B1 the amount of water given to each seedling each day
(a) B1 any other valid control, e.g. the type/age/size of seedling used, the type or brightness of lamp, the temperature of each box, the length of time (two weeks)
(a) Answer: The amount of water given each day and the type/size of seedling used (or the brightness of the lamp, or the length of the investigation).
(b) B1 green light cao
(b) Answer: Green light.
(c) B1 plants contain chlorophyll, which absorbs red and blue light well for photosynthesis oe
(c) B1 chlorophyll reflects most green light rather than absorbing it (which is why leaves look green), so green light provides the least energy for photosynthesis, resulting in less growth oe
(c) Answer: Chlorophyll in the plant absorbs red and blue light well for photosynthesis, but reflects most green light instead of absorbing it, so green light provides the least energy for photosynthesis, resulting in less growth.
(d) B1 repeat the investigation with more than one seedling per light colour and calculate a mean height for each colour oe
(d) Answer: Use more than one seedling per light colour and calculate a mean height for each colour.

Science: Full Practice Paper - Worksheets, Questions and Revision

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CE.S-T1 Science: Full Practice Paper

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