This is a 30-minute Verbal Reasoning depth practice on logic and deduction, styled on GL Assessment 11+ multiple-choice papers. It is a fourth, all-new set of reasoning questions on this topic. There are 35 questions across five sections: Deductive Reasoning Statements, Ordering and Ranking, True or False from Information, Day and Time Puzzles, and Family Relationship Puzzles. Every question is worth 1 mark, for 35 marks in total. Difficulty increases through each section and across the pack as a whole, finishing with scholarship-level stretch questions that combine several reasoning steps or hinge on precise family or in-law terminology. For each question, choose the ONE best answer from the options given. No calculator is allowed. Treat every statement in a question as certainly true, however unusual it seems, and base your answer only on what is actually said, never on outside knowledge or guesswork; only choose an option such as 'cannot tell' when the information truly is not enough to be certain, not simply because working out the answer takes several steps.
Worked example. Worked example (Deductive Reasoning Statements): Statement 1: Every delivery made by Thornfield Bakery before 7am is still warm on arrival. Statement 2: The loaf delivered to Mrs Whitfield arrived at 6:40am. Which conclusion must be true? A) The loaf was made before 7am B) The loaf was still warm on arrival C) All loaves are warm on arrival D) Cannot tell whether the loaf was still warm on arrival E) No loaves are ever delivered after 7am Answer: B. Statement 1 tells us that any delivery made before 7am from Thornfield Bakery arrives still warm. Statement 2 confirms the loaf for Mrs Whitfield arrived at 6:40am, before 7am, so by the rule in statement 1 it must have been still warm. Option A wrongly talks about when the loaf was made rather than delivered, which the statements never mention. Option C wrongly extends the rule to every loaf everywhere, rather than only Thornfield Bakery's before-7am deliveries. Option D wrongly claims uncertainty when the two statements combine directly to give a definite answer. Option E introduces an unsupported claim about deliveries after 7am that neither statement makes. Apply this same careful approach throughout the pack, even as the sections move from deductive reasoning statements to ordering and ranking puzzles, true-or-false judgements from short pieces of information, day and time calculations, and family relationship puzzles: treat every statement as certainly true, base your answer only on what is actually said, and only choose 'cannot tell' when the information truly falls short, not simply because a question takes several steps to work through.
Each question gives two or three short statements. Treat every statement as certainly true, however unusual it seems, and choose the ONE conclusion that must follow.
Q1. Every parcel handled by Redwell Couriers on a Saturday is delivered by hand, not left on the doorstep. The parcel for Mrs Okafor was handled by Redwell Couriers on a Saturday. Which of the following must be true?
A) The parcel for Mrs Okafor was delivered by hand
B) The parcel for Mrs Okafor was left on the doorstep
C) All parcels are delivered by hand
D) The parcel for Mrs Okafor was not handled by Redwell Couriers
E) No parcels are left on the doorstep on Saturdays by any courier
(Total for Question 1 is 1 mark)
2
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q2. Every player who wears the number 9 shirt for Marsh Green United plays as a striker. Josh wears the number 9 shirt for Marsh Green United. Which of the following must be true?
A) All players at Marsh Green United are strikers
B) Josh does not play as a striker
C) Josh plays as a striker
D) Josh does not wear the number 9 shirt
E) No other player wears the number 9 shirt for Marsh Green United
(Total for Question 2 is 1 mark)
3
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q3. No pupil who studies further maths at Kestrel Academy is exempt from the mid-year assessment. Efe is exempt from the mid-year assessment. Which of the following must be true?
A) Efe studies further maths at Kestrel Academy
B) All pupils at Kestrel Academy are exempt from the mid-year assessment
C) Efe is not a pupil at Kestrel Academy
D) Efe does not study further maths at Kestrel Academy
E) No pupils at Kestrel Academy are exempt from the mid-year assessment
(Total for Question 3 is 1 mark)
4
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q4. Every dish on the tasting menu at Bellamy's Bistro contains dairy. Every dish that contains dairy at Bellamy's Bistro is served with a small side of bread. The beetroot risotto is on the tasting menu. Which of the following must be true?
A) The beetroot risotto does not contain dairy
B) The beetroot risotto is served with a small side of bread
C) Every dish at Bellamy's Bistro is on the tasting menu
D) The beetroot risotto is not on the tasting menu
E) No dishes without dairy are served with bread
(Total for Question 4 is 1 mark)
5
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q5. Every hiker who reaches the summit before noon receives a certificate of achievement. Priya received a certificate of achievement. Which of the following must be true?
A) Priya reached the summit before noon
B) Priya reached the summit after noon
C) Everyone who receives a certificate reached the summit before noon
D) Priya did not reach the summit
E) It cannot be determined whether Priya reached the summit before noon
(Total for Question 5 is 1 mark)
6
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q6. Every member of the choir who has sung solo before is invited to audition for the concerto part. No pupil below Year 8 is invited to audition for the concerto part. Toby is a member of the choir who has sung solo before. Which of the following must be true?
A) Toby is in Year 8
B) All choir members are invited to audition for the concerto part
C) Toby is not below Year 8
D) Toby has not been invited to audition for the concerto part
E) Toby is the only choir member who has sung solo before
(Total for Question 6 is 1 mark)
7
(DEDUCTIVE REASONING STATEMENTS) Q7. A stall at the craft fair may not display homemade jewellery unless it has first been registered with the fair organisers. The stall run by Grandma Nora displays homemade jewellery. Which of the following must be true?
A) The stall run by Grandma Nora has not been registered with the fair organisers
B) The stall run by Grandma Nora has been registered with the fair organisers
C) All stalls at the craft fair display homemade jewellery
D) The stall run by Grandma Nora does not display homemade jewellery
E) Every registered stall displays homemade jewellery
(Total for Question 7 is 1 mark)
8
SECTION 2: ORDERING AND RANKING (7 minutes, 8 questions)
Each question gives clues about the relative order, position or ranking of a group of people or things. Combine the clues into a single order before choosing your answer.
Q8. At the school bake sale, Fatima's flapjack tray sold for more than Callum's. Callum's tray sold for more than Rhys's. Whose tray sold for the least?
A) Fatima
B) Callum
C) Rhys
D) Cannot tell
E) Fatima and Callum sold for the same amount
(Total for Question 8 is 1 mark)
9
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q9. In the school choir, Ammar sang before Delphine. Delphine sang before Winnie. Who sang last of the three?
A) Ammar
B) Delphine
C) Cannot tell
D) They all sang at the same time
E) Winnie
(Total for Question 9 is 1 mark)
10
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q10. Jamil is shorter than Kofi. Lena is taller than Jamil. Lena is shorter than Kofi. Who is the shortest?
A) Jamil
B) Kofi
C) Lena
D) Kofi and Lena are the same height
E) Cannot tell
(Total for Question 10 is 1 mark)
11
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q11. Five friends are queuing for the cinema: Priti, Quinn, Reuben, Sofia and Tomas. Priti is at the front of the queue. Reuben is exactly in the middle. Sofia is directly behind Reuben. Quinn is directly behind Priti. Who is at the very back of the queue?
A) Priti
B) Quinn
C) Reuben
D) Sofia
E) Tomas
(Total for Question 11 is 1 mark)
12
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q12. In a swimming gala with four competitors, Naomi, Oscar, Petra and Ravi, Oscar finished immediately before Petra. Naomi finished immediately before Oscar. Petra did not finish last. Who finished last?
A) Naomi
B) Oscar
C) Petra
D) Ravi
E) Cannot tell
(Total for Question 12 is 1 mark)
13
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q13. Four boxes are stacked in the garden shed: Seeds, Tools, Twine and Trays. The Tools box is directly above the Trays box. The Twine box is directly above the Tools box. The Trays box is directly above the Seeds box. What is the order from top to bottom?
A) Twine, Tools, Trays, Seeds
B) Tools, Twine, Trays, Seeds
C) Twine, Trays, Tools, Seeds
D) Twine, Tools, Seeds, Trays
E) Seeds, Trays, Tools, Twine
(Total for Question 13 is 1 mark)
14
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q14. Six pupils, Rosa, Quentin, Priya, Sami, Tilly and Umar, took part in a chess tournament, and no two finished in the same position. Sami finished immediately before Tilly. Priya finished immediately after Quentin. Umar finished last. Rosa finished before Sami. There are exactly three players between Quentin and Umar. How many players finished between Priya and Umar?
A) None
B) One
C) Two
D) Three
E) Four
(Total for Question 14 is 1 mark)
15
(ORDERING AND RANKING) Q15. Five entrants in a cake competition, Isla, Jayden, Kiran, Leah and Mo, are ranked from 1st to 5th with no ties. Isla finished first. Kiran did not finish first or last. Jayden finished immediately before Leah. Mo finished immediately after Kiran. Who finished last?
A) Jayden
B) Leah
C) Mo
D) Kiran
E) Cannot tell for certain
(Total for Question 15 is 1 mark)
16
SECTION 3: TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION (6 minutes, 7 questions)
Each question gives one or more facts about an everyday situation. Treat every fact as certainly true and choose the ONE statement that must be true.
Q16. Fact 1: Snowdon is the highest mountain in Wales. Fact 2: Snowdon is inside Snowdonia, the largest national park in Wales. Which statement must be true?
A) Snowdonia is not the largest national park in Wales
B) All national parks in Wales contain the highest mountain
C) Snowdonia does not contain the highest mountain in Wales
D) The highest mountain in Wales is located in the largest national park in Wales
E) Cannot tell where the highest mountain in Wales is located
(Total for Question 16 is 1 mark)
17
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q17. Fact 1: The 07:52 train to Norwich calls at every request stop on its route. Fact 2: Patchway is a request stop on the 07:52 train's route. Which statement must be true?
A) The 07:52 train calls at Patchway
B) The 07:52 train does not call at Patchway
C) Every train calls at Patchway
D) Patchway is not on the local line
E) Cannot tell whether the 07:52 train calls at Patchway
(Total for Question 17 is 1 mark)
18
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q18. Fact 1: All the tins on the top shelf of the pantry are past their best-before date. Fact 2: The tin of chopped tomatoes is on the top shelf of the pantry. Which statement must be true?
A) The tin of chopped tomatoes is not past its best-before date
B) All tins in the pantry are past their best-before date
C) The tin of chopped tomatoes is past its best-before date
D) The tin of chopped tomatoes is not on the top shelf
E) Cannot tell whether the tin of chopped tomatoes is past its best-before date
(Total for Question 18 is 1 mark)
19
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q19. Fact 1: No visitors are allowed to feed the animals at Hazelbrook Farm Park. Fact 2: Oliver fed one of the goats at Hazelbrook Farm Park. Which statement must be true?
A) Oliver followed the farm park rules
B) Oliver broke the farm park rules
C) Feeding animals is allowed on some days
D) Oliver was not at the farm park
E) Cannot tell whether Oliver followed the rules
(Total for Question 19 is 1 mark)
20
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q20. Fact 1: Some of the allotment plots at Elm Road need a new water butt. Fact 2: Plot 14 is the only allotment plot at Elm Road that needs a new water butt. Which statement must be true?
A) Plot 14 does not need a new water butt
B) All allotment plots at Elm Road need a new water butt
C) Plot 14 is not at Elm Road
D) Cannot tell whether Plot 14 needs a new water butt
E) Plot 14 needs a new water butt
(Total for Question 20 is 1 mark)
21
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q21. Fact 1: Some pupils in Year 7 have a packed lunch on Wednesdays. Fact 2: Deniz is a pupil in Year 7. Which statement must be true?
A) Deniz has a packed lunch on Wednesdays
B) Deniz does not have a packed lunch on Wednesdays
C) All pupils in Year 7 have a packed lunch on Wednesdays
D) No pupils outside Year 7 have a packed lunch on Wednesdays
E) Cannot tell whether Deniz has a packed lunch on Wednesdays
(Total for Question 21 is 1 mark)
22
(TRUE OR FALSE FROM INFORMATION) Q22. Fact 1: Everyone who finishes the obstacle course before 3pm earns a medal. Fact 2: Everyone who earns a medal has their photo taken for the newsletter. Fact 3: Zainab finished the obstacle course at 2:41pm. Which statement must be true?
A) Everyone who finishes the obstacle course earns a medal
B) Zainab's photo will be taken for the newsletter
C) Zainab did not earn a medal
D) Zainab's photo will not be taken for the newsletter
E) Cannot tell whether Zainab's photo will be taken for the newsletter
(Total for Question 22 is 1 mark)
23
SECTION 4: DAY AND TIME PUZZLES (5 minutes, 6 questions)
Each question involves working out a day of the week, a date, or a clock time. Work through the calculation carefully before choosing your answer.
Q23. The village pool is closed every Monday and Thursday. If today is Wednesday, how many days will pass until the pool is next closed?
A) 0 days
B) 1 day
C) 2 days
D) 3 days
E) 5 days
(Total for Question 23 is 1 mark)
24
(DAY AND TIME PUZZLES) Q24. A cake is baked on Tuesday and needs exactly 4 working days to be iced and delivered, where working days run Monday to Friday and exclude weekends. On which day is it delivered?
A) Friday
B) Monday
C) Tuesday
D) Sunday
E) Saturday
(Total for Question 24 is 1 mark)
25
(DAY AND TIME PUZZLES) Q25. Leah's orthodontist appointment is 9 days after her previous appointment, which was on Thursday 02/07. On what date is her next appointment?
A) Friday 10/07
B) Saturday 09/07
C) Saturday 11/07
D) Sunday 12/07
E) Wednesday 11/07
(Total for Question 25 is 1 mark)
26
(DAY AND TIME PUZZLES) Q26. A bus service runs every 25 minutes, starting at 08:10. What time is the 5th bus of the day?
A) 09:10
B) 09:25
C) 09:35
D) 09:50
E) 10:10
(Total for Question 26 is 1 mark)
27
(DAY AND TIME PUZZLES) Q27. Four friends, Femi, Grace, Hana and Idris, each have a dentist appointment on a different day of the same week, Monday to Friday, and one day of the week has no appointment at all. Femi's appointment is three days after Grace's. Hana's appointment is the day immediately before Idris's. Grace's appointment is not on a Monday. Idris's appointment is not on a Friday. On which day is Hana's appointment?
A) Monday
B) Tuesday
C) Wednesday
D) Thursday
E) Friday
(Total for Question 27 is 1 mark)
28
(DAY AND TIME PUZZLES) Q28. A train leaves Cardiff at 10:20, and the journey to Newport takes 15 minutes. The train then waits 8 minutes at Newport before continuing to Bristol, a further 42-minute journey. At what time does the train arrive in Bristol?
A) 11:05
B) 11:15
C) 11:17
D) 11:25
E) 11:35
(Total for Question 28 is 1 mark)
29
SECTION 5: FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES (6 minutes, 7 questions)
Each question describes part of a family using words such as father, mother, brother, sister, son and daughter. Work out the exact relationship asked for.
Q29. Margaret is Tom's mother. Tom is Isaac's father. What is Margaret to Isaac?
A) Mother
B) Aunt
C) Sister
D) Grandmother
E) Cousin
(Total for Question 29 is 1 mark)
30
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q30. Amira's father has one brother, called Yusuf. What is Yusuf to Amira?
A) Father
B) Grandfather
C) Uncle
D) Cousin
E) Brother
(Total for Question 30 is 1 mark)
31
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q31. Fatima's husband is Karim. Karim's father is Hassan. What is Hassan to Fatima?
A) Father
B) Father-in-law
C) Uncle
D) Grandfather
E) Brother-in-law
(Total for Question 31 is 1 mark)
32
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q32. Ben's wife is Chloe. Chloe's sister is Diane. Diane has one son, called Ewan. What is Ewan to Ben?
A) Son
B) Cousin
C) Grandson
D) Nephew
E) Cannot tell
(Total for Question 32 is 1 mark)
33
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q33. Grandpa Elias has two children, Naomi and Tobias. Naomi has one daughter, called Elsie. Tobias has one son, called Freddie. What is Elsie to Freddie?
A) Sister
B) Cousin
C) Aunt
D) Niece
E) Cannot tell
(Total for Question 33 is 1 mark)
34
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q34. Alex has one sibling, called Robin. Robin has one child, called Sam. What is Alex to Sam?
A) Aunt
B) Uncle
C) Aunt or uncle, but it cannot be told which
D) Grandparent
E) Cousin
(Total for Question 34 is 1 mark)
35
(FAMILY RELATIONSHIP PUZZLES) Q35. Grandma Ivy is the mother of Naomi and Patrick. Naomi is the mother of Halima. Patrick is the father of Kwame. Halima and Kwame were born in the same month. What is Naomi to Kwame?
A) Mother
B) Aunt
C) Grandmother
D) Cousin
E) Cannot tell
(Total for Question 35 is 1 mark)
Mark scheme · EP.V66 Verbal Reasoning: Logic Set 4
Question 1
B1 A) The parcel for Mrs Okafor was delivered by hand - the parcel meets the stated condition (a Saturday delivery by Redwell Couriers), so the rule applies directly.
Answer: A) The parcel for Mrs Okafor was delivered by hand
Question 2
B1 C) Josh plays as a striker - wearing the number 9 shirt for Marsh Green United guarantees playing as a striker, and Josh meets that condition.
Answer: C) Josh plays as a striker
Question 3
B1 D) Efe does not study further maths at Kestrel Academy - by the contrapositive of statement 1, being exempt rules out studying further maths.
Answer: D) Efe does not study further maths at Kestrel Academy
Question 4
B1 B) The beetroot risotto is served with a small side of bread - chaining tasting menu -> contains dairy -> served with bread.
Answer: B) The beetroot risotto is served with a small side of bread
Question 5
B1 E) It cannot be determined whether Priya reached the summit before noon - the statement only gives one route to a certificate, not the only one.
Answer: E) It cannot be determined whether Priya reached the summit before noon
Question 6
B1 C) Toby is not below Year 8 - chaining sung solo before -> invited to audition -> not below Year 8.
Answer: C) Toby is not below Year 8
Question 7
B1 B) The stall run by Grandma Nora has been registered with the fair organisers - displaying jewellery is only allowed once registered, and the stall does display it.
Answer: B) The stall run by Grandma Nora has been registered with the fair organisers
Question 8
B1 C) Rhys - the chain Fatima > Callum > Rhys places Rhys at the bottom.
Answer: C) Rhys
Question 9
B1 E) Winnie - the singing order Ammar, Delphine, Winnie places Winnie last.
Answer: E) Winnie
Question 10
B1 A) Jamil - the order Jamil < Lena < Kofi places Jamil at the bottom.
Answer: A) Jamil
Question 11
B1 E) Tomas - the order Priti, Quinn, Reuben, Sofia, Tomas (front to back) places Tomas at the back.
Answer: E) Tomas
Question 12
B1 D) Ravi - Naomi, Oscar and Petra must fill the first three places in order, since Petra did not finish last, leaving Ravi last.
Answer: D) Ravi
Question 13
B1 A) Twine, Tools, Trays, Seeds - the three 'directly above' clues chain into one fixed order.
Answer: A) Twine, Tools, Trays, Seeds
Question 14
B1 C) Two - working through all five clues gives the order Rosa, Quentin, Priya, Sami, Tilly, Umar, with Sami and Tilly between Priya and Umar.
Answer: C) Two
Question 15
B1 E) Cannot tell for certain - two different valid rankings satisfy every clue, and they give different entrants in last place.
Answer: E) Cannot tell for certain
Question 16
B1 D) The highest mountain in Wales is located in the largest national park in Wales - directly combining facts 1 and 2.
Answer: D) The highest mountain in Wales is located in the largest national park in Wales
Question 17
B1 A) The 07:52 train calls at Patchway - it calls at every request stop, and Patchway is one.
Answer: A) The 07:52 train calls at Patchway
Question 18
B1 C) The tin of chopped tomatoes is past its best-before date - it is on the top shelf, and every tin there is past its best-before date.
Answer: C) The tin of chopped tomatoes is past its best-before date
Question 19
B1 B) Oliver broke the farm park rules - fact 1 forbids feeding animals with no exceptions, and fact 2 confirms Oliver fed a goat.
Answer: B) Oliver broke the farm park rules
Question 20
B1 E) Plot 14 needs a new water butt - fact 2 states this directly.
Answer: E) Plot 14 needs a new water butt
Question 21
B1 E) Cannot tell whether Deniz has a packed lunch on Wednesdays - fact 1 only says some Year 7 pupils do, not all, and Deniz's own case is not confirmed either way.
Answer: E) Cannot tell whether Deniz has a packed lunch on Wednesdays
Question 22
B1 B) Zainab's photo will be taken for the newsletter - chaining finished before 3pm -> medal -> photo taken.
Answer: B) Zainab's photo will be taken for the newsletter
Question 23
B1 B) 1 day - tomorrow, Thursday, is the pool's next closed day.
Answer: B) 1 day
Question 24
B1 B) Monday - Tuesday plus 4 working days (Wed, Thu, Fri, then the following Mon) is Monday.
Answer: B) Monday
Question 25
B1 C) Saturday 11/07 - Thursday 02/07 plus 9 days is Saturday 11/07.
Answer: C) Saturday 11/07
Question 26
B1 D) 09:50 - the 5th bus is four 25-minute gaps after 08:10, which is 100 minutes later.
Answer: D) 09:50
Question 27
B1 C) Wednesday - testing each possible day for Grace against every rule leaves only Grace=Tuesday, Femi=Friday, Hana=Wednesday, Idris=Thursday, with Monday unused.
Answer: C) Wednesday
Question 28
B1 D) 11:25 - 10:20 plus 15 minutes reaches Newport at 10:35, plus the 8-minute wait is 10:43, plus the 42-minute journey is 11:25.
Answer: D) 11:25
Question 29
B1 D) Grandmother - Margaret is Tom's mother, and Tom is Isaac's father, making Margaret Isaac's grandmother.
Answer: D) Grandmother
Question 30
B1 C) Uncle - Yusuf is Amira's father's brother, which makes him Amira's uncle.
Answer: C) Uncle
Question 31
B1 B) Father-in-law - Hassan is the father of Fatima's husband, Karim, which makes him Fatima's father-in-law.
Answer: B) Father-in-law
Question 32
B1 D) Nephew - Ewan is the son of Ben's wife's sister, making him Ben's nephew by marriage.
Answer: D) Nephew
Question 33
B1 B) Cousin - Elsie and Freddie are children of siblings Naomi and Tobias, making them cousins.
Answer: B) Cousin
Question 34
B1 C) Aunt or uncle, but it cannot be told which - Alex is Robin's sibling and so Sam's aunt or uncle, but Alex's gender is never given.
Answer: C) Aunt or uncle, but it cannot be told which
Question 35
B1 B) Aunt - Naomi and Patrick are siblings, both children of Ivy, so Naomi is the sister of Kwame's father, making her Kwame's aunt.