Movement Analysis: Applying Levers, Planes, Joint Actions and Muscles to Sporting Movements - Worksheets, Questions and Revision

16 original exam-style questions - 8 pages of questions with a full mark scheme - free printable PDF.

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PE.MA6 Movement Analysis: Applying Levers, Planes, Joint Actions and Muscles to Sporting Movements

AQA 8582 · Calculators not allowed · about 55 minutes
Total Marks
Name: _______________________________    Date: ____ / ____ / ______
Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.
1
A complete movement analysis of a single joint action during a sporting skill should identify which of the following?
  • A) The joint action and joint type, the plane and axis of movement, the lever class, and the agonist and antagonist muscles
  • B) Only which muscle is contracting
  • C) Only the plane of movement
  • D) Only the class of lever involved
(Total for Question 1 is 1 mark)
2
Diagram 1 shows a footballer's kicking leg the moment before striking a penalty, with point A at the hip, point B at the knee and point C at the ankle. In the phase shown, the thigh has already swung forward, the knee is extending sharply, and the ankle is pointed to strike the ball.
ABCA = hip B = knee C = ankle (kicking leg, moment before contact)
(a)Name the joint action at the hip (point A) and its agonist muscle.(2)
(b)Name the joint action at the knee (point B), its agonist muscle, and the class of lever this represents.(3)
(c)Name the joint action at the ankle (point C) and its agonist muscle.(2)
(d)State the plane of movement in which this whole kicking action takes place.(1)
(Total for Question 2 is 8 marks)
3
In the backswing phase, immediately before the kicking action shown in Diagram 1, the same footballer's kicking leg first swings backward and the knee bends, storing energy before the forward swing begins.
(a)Name the joint action at the hip during this backswing.(1)
(b)Name the agonist muscle for this hip extension.(1)
(c)Name the joint action at the knee during this backswing.(1)
(d)Name the agonist muscle for this knee flexion.(1)
(e)The knee is a third class lever for both flexion and extension. Explain how this lever arrangement benefits the speed of the whole kicking action, from backswing through to ball contact.(2)
(Total for Question 3 is 6 marks)
4
At the start of a 100m race, a sprinter drives explosively out of the blocks, forcefully plantarflexing both ankles to push against the blocks.
(a)Name the joint action and the joint type at the ankle in this example.(2)
(b)Name the class of lever this ankle action represents.(1)
(c)Explain why this lever arrangement is well suited to driving powerfully out of the blocks.(2)
(Total for Question 4 is 5 marks)
5
A basketball player shoots a jump shot: the shooting shoulder flexes to raise the arm, the elbow then extends to push the ball upward, and finally the wrist flexes sharply in the follow-through ('wrist snap') as the ball leaves the hand.
(a)Name the joint action at the shoulder.(1)
(b)Name the joint action at the elbow, and the class of lever it represents.(2)
(c)Name the joint action at the wrist during the follow-through.(1)
(d)State the plane of movement this whole shooting action mainly takes place in.(1)
(Total for Question 5 is 5 marks)
6
Table 1 gives four short statements about analysing a sporting movement. For each, name which ONE of the four movement-analysis tools (joint action, plane/axis, lever class, or agonist/antagonist muscle) it is describing.

Table 1
RowStatement
(a)'The elbow joint bends, decreasing the angle between the upper arm and forearm'
(b)'The biceps brachii shortens while the triceps brachii lengthens'
(c)'The movement takes place with the effort acting between the fulcrum and the load'
(d)'The rotation happens with the body turning around a vertical line running from head to toe'
(a)Name the tool described in row (a).(1)
(b)Name the tool described in row (b).(1)
(c)Name the tool described in row (c).(1)
(d)Name the tool described in row (d).(1)
(Total for Question 6 is 4 marks)
7
During the pull phase of front crawl swimming, a swimmer's shoulder extends powerfully to pull the arm backward through the water. During the recovery phase that follows, the same shoulder lifts the arm up and swings it forward through a wide circular path back to the starting position.
(a)Name the joint action at the shoulder during the pull phase.(1)
(b)Name the agonist muscle for this pull-phase movement.(1)
(c)State the plane of movement the pull phase mainly takes place in.(1)
(d)The recovery phase moves the arm through a wide circular path, described as circumduction. Explain why the shoulder's joint type is essential for this recovery phase, and what would happen if the shoulder were a hinge joint instead.(3)
(Total for Question 7 is 6 marks)
8
During the underwater 'catch' phase of the same front crawl arm pull, the swimmer's elbow bends (flexes) to hold the water before the powerful pull phase begins.
(Total for Question 8 is 2 marks)
9
Which class of lever is represented by a calf raise, as used to push off the ground during a jump?
  • A) First class lever
  • B) Second class lever
  • C) Third class lever
  • D) Fourth class lever
(Total for Question 9 is 1 mark)
10
A coach tells a young performer that 'the biceps causes elbow flexion' and stops the analysis there. Explain why this single fact is an incomplete movement analysis, referring to what else a full analysis should include.
(Total for Question 10 is 3 marks)
11
Tariq is a long jumper. During take-off, his take-off leg's hip and knee extend explosively while the ankle plantarflexes, all driving him upward and forward off the board; in the air, his lead leg then flexes at the hip and knee in a running-style action to prepare for landing.
Using at least three different joints from Tariq's take-off and flight, discuss how lever class, plane of movement, joint action/type and agonist/antagonist muscles together explain his technique, and evaluate why a coach analysing his jump needs all four of these tools rather than just one.
(Total for Question 11 is 9 marks)
12
During the cocking (preparation) phase of a tennis serve, a player's throwing shoulder abducts to raise the racquet arm out to the side and up, while the elbow flexes.
(Total for Question 12 is 2 marks)
13
During a low rugby tackle, a defender drops their hips and bends both knees to lower their body height before making contact.
(Total for Question 13 is 2 marks)
14
During a cricket bowling action, a bowler's whole bowling arm rotates rapidly around its own long axis as the ball is released.
(Total for Question 14 is 2 marks)
15
During a netball chest pass, a player extends both elbows sharply to push the ball away from the chest towards a team-mate.
(Total for Question 15 is 2 marks)
16
During a badminton smash, a player's wrist flicks forward rapidly just before contact, adding extra racquet-head speed. State the class of lever this represents, and explain why this arrangement is suited to adding speed rather than force.
(Total for Question 16 is 2 marks)
Mark scheme · PE.MA6 Movement Analysis: Applying Levers, Planes, Joint Actions and Muscles to Sporting Movements

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15

Question 16