Respiration and Photosynthesis - Worksheets, Questions and Revision

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KS3 · Biology

K3 Respiration and Photosynthesis

AQA KS3 AQA KS3 Science · Calculator allowed · about 65 minutes
Name: _______________________________    Date: ____ / ____ / ______
Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.
1
Photosynthesis is the process plants use to make food. Complete the word equation for photosynthesis:
carbon dioxide + water --(a)--> glucose + (b)
(a)Name the type of energy that should be written above the arrow.(1)
(b)Name the missing product of photosynthesis.(1)
(c)State the green substance found in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.(1)
2
Complete the word equation for aerobic respiration:
glucose + (a) -> carbon dioxide + (b) (+ energy released)
(a)Name the missing reactant.(1)
(b)Name the missing product.(1)
(c)State one place in a cell where most of the reactions of aerobic respiration take place.(1)
3
Choose the correct letter for each question about cells and gas exchange.
(a)Which organelle is the main site of photosynthesis?(1)
  • A) Nucleus
  • B) Mitochondrion
  • C) Chloroplast
  • D) Ribosome
(b)Which organelle is the main site of aerobic respiration?(1)
  • A) Chloroplast
  • B) Mitochondrion
  • C) Vacuole
  • D) Cell wall
(c)Which gas is taken in by a leaf mainly to be used for photosynthesis during daylight?(1)
  • A) Nitrogen
  • B) Oxygen
  • C) Carbon dioxide
  • D) Water vapour
(d)Which structures on the underside of a leaf allow gases to enter and leave?(1)
  • A) Stomata
  • B) Xylem
  • C) Phloem
  • D) Root hairs
4
Distinguish between breathing and respiration.
(2)
5
Complete the missing cells in the table comparing aerobic respiration with anaerobic respiration in human muscle and in yeast.
FeatureAerobic respirationAnaerobic respiration (human muscle)Anaerobic respiration (yeast)
Oxygen needed?Yes(a)(b)
Products (other than energy)(c)(d)(e)
Amount of energy released(f)small amountsmall amount
(a)Oxygen needed in human muscle anaerobic respiration?(1)
(b)Oxygen needed in yeast anaerobic respiration?(1)
(c)Products of aerobic respiration (other than energy).(1)
(d)Product of anaerobic respiration in human muscle.(1)
(e)Products of anaerobic respiration in yeast.(1)
(f)Amount of energy released by aerobic respiration, relative to anaerobic respiration.(1)
6
Balanced symbol equations show the same number of atoms of each element on both sides.
(a)Complete the balanced symbol equation for aerobic respiration by writing in the missing number:
C6H12O6 + 6O2 -> ___CO2 + 6H2O(1)
(b)Complete the balanced symbol equation for photosynthesis by writing in the two missing numbers:
___CO2 + ___H2O -> C6H12O6 + 6O2(2)
(c)State why these equations are described as balanced.(1)
7
Required practical: A student tests a geranium leaf to find out whether it contains starch, using iodine solution.
(a)State why the plant should be left in the dark for 24 to 48 hours before the test (destarching).(1)
(b)Put these four steps of the starch test in the correct order by writing 1 to 4:
Rinse the leaf in cold water
Boil the leaf in ethanol using a water bath
Add iodine solution to the leaf
Boil the leaf in water(2)
(c)Explain why the leaf is boiled in ethanol using a water bath rather than directly over a Bunsen flame.(2)
(d)State the colour change that shows starch is present when iodine solution is added.(1)
(e)A destarched leaf kept in bright light for several hours is compared with a destarched leaf kept in the dark for the same time. Predict and explain the difference in the iodine test result between the two leaves.(2)
8
A pupil counted the number of bubbles of gas given off by a piece of pondweed in one minute. She repeated the count three times.
Repeat 1: 18 bubbles per minute
Repeat 2: 20 bubbles per minute
Repeat 3: 31 bubbles per minute
(a)Identify the anomalous result.(1)
(b)Calculate the mean number of bubbles per minute, excluding the anomalous result.(2)
(c)Suggest one reason why repeat 3 might be an anomalous result.(1)
(d)Give one disadvantage of counting bubbles compared with measuring the volume of gas produced using a gas syringe.(1)
9
Required practical: A group of students investigates how the distance of a lamp from pondweed affects the rate of photosynthesis, by counting bubbles of oxygen produced per minute.
Distance from lamp (cm): 10, 20, 40
Rate of bubble production (bubbles/min): 32, 8, 2
(a)Identify two variables, other than distance, that should be controlled in this investigation.(2)
(b)State the independent variable and the dependent variable in this investigation.(2)
(c)Describe the relationship between distance from the lamp and rate of photosynthesis shown in the table.(1)
(d)Show that the rate of photosynthesis is inversely proportional to the square of the distance for the data given.(3)
10
A gardener grows tomato plants in a heated, well-lit glasshouse in winter. The rate of photosynthesis is measured at three carbon dioxide concentrations, with light intensity and temperature kept constant at optimal levels.
CO2 concentration (ppm): 400, 800, 1200
Rate of photosynthesis (arbitrary units): 10, 18, 19
(a)Describe how the rate of photosynthesis changes as CO2 concentration increases from 400 ppm to 1200 ppm.(2)
(b)Explain, in terms of limiting factors, why the rate of photosynthesis does not keep increasing between 800 ppm and 1200 ppm.(2)
11
A market gardener grows cucumbers in a glasshouse. She burns a paraffin heater, which releases carbon dioxide, and uses artificial lighting on dull days.
Explain how increasing carbon dioxide concentration and increasing light intensity can each affect the rate of photosynthesis in the cucumber plants, and why increasing carbon dioxide concentration will not always increase the rate of photosynthesis.
(6)
12
During the day, a green plant photosynthesises and respires at the same time.
(a)Name the gas produced by photosynthesis that is used by respiration.(1)
(b)Name the gas produced by respiration that is used by photosynthesis.(1)
(c)At a certain light intensity, the rate of photosynthesis exactly equals the rate of respiration in the plant. Explain why, at this point, no net gas exchange with the air outside the leaf is measured.(2)
13
A student measures the dry mass of a young sunflower seedling at the start of an experiment and again 4 weeks later, while it grows in sunlight.
Start dry mass: 0.40 g
Dry mass after 4 weeks: 2.20 g
(a)Calculate the increase in dry mass of the seedling over the 4 weeks.(1)
(b)Calculate the percentage increase in dry mass over the 4 weeks. Give your answer to 1 decimal place.(3)
(c)State the main biological process responsible for this increase in dry mass.(1)
14
During a 100 m sprint, an athlete's muscles cannot get enough oxygen to meet demand, so they respire anaerobically as well as aerobically.
(a)Name the substance produced in human muscle cells during anaerobic respiration.(1)
(b)Explain why anaerobic respiration cannot continue in muscles for a long period of time.(2)
(c)After the race, the athlete continues to breathe quickly and deeply for several minutes. Explain why.(2)
15
A group of students investigates how temperature affects the rate of anaerobic respiration (fermentation) in yeast. They mix yeast with a glucose solution in a boiling tube connected to a gas syringe, and measure the volume of gas produced in 5 minutes at different temperatures.
Temperature (deg C): 20, 30, 40, 50
Volume of gas produced in 5 min (cm3): 6, 14, 22, 4
(a)Identify the gas produced by the yeast during fermentation.(1)
(b)Describe the pattern shown by the results as temperature increases from 20 deg C to 50 deg C.(2)
(c)Explain the result at 50 deg C, in terms of enzymes.(2)
(d)Suggest one variable, other than temperature, that should be kept the same in each test tube to make this a fair test.(1)
16
Choose the correct letter for each question.
(a)Which structure allows carbon dioxide to enter a leaf?(1)
  • A) Xylem
  • B) Stomata
  • C) Phloem
  • D) Cuticle
(b)Which cells contain the most chloroplasts in a leaf?(1)
  • A) Epidermal cells
  • B) Guard cells
  • C) Palisade mesophyll cells
  • D) Root hair cells
(c)Which plant tissue transports the glucose made in photosynthesis to other parts of the plant?(1)
  • A) Xylem
  • B) Phloem
  • C) Stomata
  • D) Cambium
(d)Which statement best describes chlorophyll?(1)
  • A) A gas used in respiration
  • B) A green pigment that absorbs light energy
  • C) A sugar produced by photosynthesis
  • D) An enzyme that breaks down starch
17
A gas syringe collected 45 cm3 of carbon dioxide from a fermenting yeast culture in 9 minutes.
Show that the mean rate of gas production was 5 cm3 per minute.
(3)
18
The rate of photosynthesis of a plant was measured at increasing light intensities, once in normal air (0.04% CO2) and once in air enriched with extra carbon dioxide (0.4% CO2). Temperature was kept constant and optimal throughout.
Light intensity (units): 0, 20, 40, 60, 80
Rate with normal CO2 (units): 0, 8, 14, 15, 15
Rate with extra CO2 (units): 0, 8, 14, 19, 24
(a)Compare the two sets of results at a light intensity of 40 units, and explain what this shows about the limiting factor at this point.(2)
(b)Compare the two sets of results at a light intensity of 80 units, and explain what this shows about the limiting factor for the plant in normal air.(2)
(c)Predict what would happen to the rate of photosynthesis in the extra CO2 condition if the light intensity were increased further beyond 80 units, assuming CO2 remained unlimited.(1)
19
Describe five ways in which the structure of a leaf is adapted for efficient photosynthesis. For each adaptation, briefly explain its function.
(5)
20
Aerobic respiration of a given amount of glucose releases approximately 2900 kJ of energy. Anaerobic respiration (lactic acid fermentation) of the same amount of glucose releases only about 150 kJ of energy, because the glucose is only partially broken down.
Calculate the percentage of the aerobic energy yield that is released by anaerobic respiration of the same amount of glucose. Give your answer to the nearest whole per cent.
(3)
Mark scheme · K3 Respiration and Photosynthesis

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15

Question 16

Question 17

Question 18

Question 19

Question 20