Musculoskeletal System: Bones, Joints and Muscles - Worksheets, Questions and Revision

22 original exam-style questions - 7 pages of questions with a full mark scheme - free printable PDF.

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GCSE · AQA

PE.AP1 Musculoskeletal System: Bones, Joints and Muscles

AQA 8582 · Calculators not allowed · about 50 minutes
Total Marks
Name: _______________________________    Date: ____ / ____ / ______
Answer ALL questions. Show all your working.
1
Which type of joint is found at the knee?
  • A) Ball and socket
  • B) Hinge
  • C) Pivot
  • D) Condyloid
(Total for Question 1 is 1 mark)
2
The skeleton performs several important functions in the body.
(a)State one function of the skeleton related to the body's shape and posture.(1)
(b)State one function of the skeleton related to keeping internal organs safe from damage.(1)
(c)State one function of the skeleton that allows the body to move.(1)
(d)State one function of the skeleton related to making new blood cells.(1)
(Total for Question 2 is 4 marks)
3
Bones can be classified by shape.
(a)State the class of bone that the femur belongs to.(1)
(b)State the class of bone that the cranium belongs to.(1)
(Total for Question 3 is 2 marks)
4
Explain why the shape of a flat bone such as the cranium is suited to its function of protection.
(Total for Question 4 is 2 marks)
5
Joints allow different types and ranges of movement depending on their shape.
(a)Name the type of joint found at the hip.(1)
(b)Name the type of joint found at the elbow.(1)
(Total for Question 5 is 2 marks)
6
State one movement that is possible at a ball and socket joint but is NOT possible at a hinge joint.
(Total for Question 6 is 1 mark)
7
Explain how the skeletal system and the muscular system work together to produce movement at a joint.
(Total for Question 7 is 3 marks)
8
Table 1 gives descriptions of different types of movement possible at joints, with the movement name missing.

Table 1
PartDescription of movement
(a)Decreasing the angle at a joint
(b)Increasing the angle at a joint
(c)Moving a body part away from the midline of the body
(d)Moving a body part towards the midline of the body
(e)Moving a body part in a continuous circular motion
(f)Turning a body part around its own long axis
(g)Pointing the toes downward, away from the shin
(h)Pulling the toes upward, towards the shin
(a)Name the movement described in row (a) of Table 1.(1)
(b)Name the movement described in row (b) of Table 1.(1)
(c)Name the movement described in row (c) of Table 1.(1)
(d)Name the movement described in row (d) of Table 1.(1)
(e)Name the movement described in row (e) of Table 1.(1)
(f)Name the movement described in row (f) of Table 1.(1)
(g)Name the movement described in row (g) of Table 1.(1)
(h)Name the movement described in row (h) of Table 1.(1)
(Total for Question 8 is 8 marks)
9
A sprinter drives out of the starting blocks at the start of a 100 m race. As the rear leg extends powerfully, the hip, knee and ankle all straighten.
(a)Name the joint action taking place at the knee as the leg straightens.(1)
(Total for Question 9 is 1 mark)
10
Using the same sprint start described in Question 9, name the agonist (prime mover) muscle group responsible for extending the knee, and state its antagonist.
(Total for Question 10 is 2 marks)
11
Explain, using the term 'antagonistic muscle action', how the quadriceps and hamstrings work together to produce and control the knee extension described in Question 9.
(Total for Question 11 is 2 marks)
12
During the upward (lifting) phase of a bicep curl, the elbow joint bends.
(a)Name the joint action occurring at the elbow during this phase.(1)
(b)Name the agonist muscle responsible for this phase.(1)
(Total for Question 12 is 2 marks)
13
Name the antagonist muscle at the elbow during the upward phase of the bicep curl described in Question 12, and explain what happens to it.
(Total for Question 13 is 2 marks)
14
A footballer points their toes downward to strike a ball (plantarflexion of the ankle). Name the agonist muscle responsible for this movement.
(Total for Question 14 is 1 mark)
15
Explain the antagonistic pair of muscles at the ankle joint, naming both muscles and the movement each one produces.
(Total for Question 15 is 2 marks)
16
During the recovery phase of a sprint stride, a runner's leg is driven forward and upward at the hip.
(a)Name the joint action taking place at the hip as the leg is driven forward and upward.(1)
(Total for Question 16 is 1 mark)
17
Name the agonist muscle for the hip flexion described in Question 16, and its antagonist for hip extension, briefly explaining the role of each.
(Total for Question 17 is 2 marks)
18
Using named examples from at least two different joints, explain the role of antagonistic muscle action in producing controlled movement during sporting performance.
(Total for Question 18 is 6 marks)
19
Vertebrae are irregular bones that make up the spinal column.
(a)State one function of the vertebrae.(1)
(b)Explain how the shape of irregular bones, such as the vertebrae, allows them to perform their functions.(2)
(Total for Question 19 is 3 marks)
20
A gymnast performs a handstand, supporting their entire body weight through both wrists.
(a)Name the type of joint found at the wrist, and describe the movements it allows.(2)
(Total for Question 20 is 2 marks)
21
Explain why bones classified as 'short bones', such as the carpals found in the wrist, are suited to supporting body weight in a position such as a handstand.
(Total for Question 21 is 2 marks)
22
A weightlifter performs a shoulder press, pushing a barbell from shoulder height to a fully extended overhead position, then slowly lowers it back down under control.
(a)Name the joint action occurring at the shoulder as the barbell is pushed overhead.(1)
(b)Name the agonist muscle primarily responsible for this shoulder flexion.(1)
(c)Name the antagonist muscle at the shoulder joint, and explain what it does as the barbell is lowered back down under control.(2)
(Total for Question 22 is 4 marks)
Mark scheme · PE.AP1 Musculoskeletal System: Bones, Joints and Muscles

Question 1

Question 2

Question 3

Question 4

Question 5

Question 6

Question 7

Question 8

Question 9

Question 10

Question 11

Question 12

Question 13

Question 14

Question 15

Question 16

Question 17

Question 18

Question 19

Question 20

Question 21

Question 22